Bandwidth Enhancement of Millimeter-Wave Large-Scale Antenna Arrays Using X-Type Full-Corporate Waveguide Feed Networks

Abstract

A one-time-reflection equivalent model of the full-corporate waveguide feed networks is investigated to propose a novel approach to bandwidth enhancement of millimeter-wave large-scale antenna arrays. Theoretical analysis reveals that the in-phase superposition phenomenon of multiple small reflections at specific frequencies caused by the topology of the feed network is also a significant factor to affect the achievable bandwidth of the large-scale arrays, apart from the bandwidth performance of the individual power dividers and radiators composing the array. In order to weaken the undesirable effects on bandwidths caused by the small reflections, a full-corporate waveguide feed network with an X-type topology is then presented. Air-filled waveguide X-junctions and waveguide-fed horn sub-arrays are designed to fulfill new threedimensional (3D) printed V-band antenna arrays. Excellent performance, including an improved bandwidth of about 40%, a gain of up to 27.8 dBi, and stable unidirectional radiation patterns with cross polarization of less than -32 dB, are confirmed experimentally by an 8 × 8 prototype. The theoretical model and the bandwidth enhancement scheme in this paper are valuable to realize the high-gain wideband antenna arrays for emerging millimeter-wave applications.

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