Bandgap‐Like Strong Fluorescence in Functionalized Carbon Nanoparticles

Wang, Xin; Cao, Li; Yang, Shengnan; Lu, Fushen; Meziani, Mohammed J.; Tian, Leilei; Sun, Katherine W.; Bloodgood, Matthew A.; Sun, Ya‐Ping

doi:10.1002/anie.201000982

Cited by 574 publications

(435 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Tian et al [90] firstly reported the utility of 13 CNMR spectroscopy in liquid state to identify the carbon states in a C-dots sample derived from candle shoot (Figure 8). Followed by this, numerous efforts have been contributed to using NMR spectroscopy in both solid state and liquid state for C-dots characterization [21,38,56,85,109,115,135,143,[159][160][161][162][163][164]. In addition, NMR has been proved to be powerful in the establishment of the 8 Journal of Nanomaterials chemical alterations that happened to the surface modifiers during carbonization.…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Analytical Separation of Fluorescent Carbon Nanodots

Gong

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Carbon nanodots (C-dots) are recently discovered fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with typical sizes of <10 nm. The C-dots have been reported to have excellent photophysical and chemical characteristics. In recent years, the advances in the development and improvement in C-dots synthesis, characterization, and applications are burgeoning. In this review, we introduce the most commonly used techniques for the characterization of C-dots. The characterization techniques for C-dots are briefly classified, described, and illustrated with applied examples. In addition, the analytical separation methods for C-dots (including electrophoresis, chromatography, density gradient centrifugation, differential centrifugation, solvent extraction, and dialysis) are included and discussed according to their analytical characteristics. The review concludes with an outlook towards the future developments in the characterization and the analytical separation of C-dots. The comprehensive overview of the characterization and the analytical separation techniques will safeguard people to use each technique more wisely.

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Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, chromatographic methods available for the separation of Cdots are anion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (AE-HPLC) [95,100,101,107], reversed-phase-(RP-) HPLC [91,96,108], and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) [97,109].…”

Section: Chromatographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Analytical Separation of Fluorescent Carbon Nanodots

Gong

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…The surface of these materials is passivated by chemical functionalization with small chains of polymeric or oligomeric species. 9 Interestingly, excellent biocompatibility and optical properties can be achieved by doping (C)-dots with metals or nonmetals. 10,11 However, despite considerable successes, a challenging problem arises as the metal is often immediately oxidized by atmospheric oxygen on the C-dot surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ga@C-dots as an antibacterial agent for the eradication of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>

Kumar¹,

Natan²,

Jacobi³

et al. 2017

IJN

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The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes infections that are difficult to treat by antibiotic therapy. This research article reports on the synthesis of gallium (Ga) doped in carbon (C)-dots (Ga@C-dots) and their antimicrobial activity against free-living P. aeruginosa bacteria. The synthesis of Ga@C-dots was carried out by sonicating molten Ga (for 2.5 h) in polyethylene glycol-400, which acts as both a medium and carbon source. The resultant Ga@C-dots, having an average diameter of 9±2 nm, showed remarkably enhanced antibacterial activity compared with undoped C-dots. This was reflected by the much lower concentration of Ga doped within Ga@C-dots which was required for full inhibition of the bacterial growth. These results highlight the possibility of using Ga@C-dots as potential antimicrobial agents.

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“…This  PL is relatively high for bare, raw C-dots and C-dot surface functionalisation by covalent attachment of polyethylenglycol units to passivate the surface has been reported to achieve quantum yields of 0.6. 8,43 It could be that  PL of the C-dots when encapsulated inside the rigid zeolite framework is even higher than 0.4, although the lack of transparency of the solid powders makes not possible to quantitatively determine  PL before dissolution of the zeolite and extraction of C-dots-It should also be commented that according to chemical analysis, the C-dots obtained by pyrolysis of the quinolinium ion contains N atoms and that there is one recent precedent reporting that doping with N atoms increases  Pl . 36 It is very likely that also here the high  Pl could be due to doping of the C-dots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly fluorescent C-dots obtained by pyrolysis of quaternary ammonium ions trapped in all-silica ITQ-29 zeolite

et al. 2015

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Abstract.C-dots obtained in homogeneous phase may exhibit a broad particle size distribution. Formation of C-dots within nanometric reaction cavities could be a methodology to gain control on their size distribution. Among the various possibilities, in the present work, the cavities of small pore size zeolites have been used to confine C-dots generated by pyrolysis of the organic structure directing agent present in the synthesis of these crystalline aluminosilicates. To explore this methodology, ITQ-29 zeolite having a Linde type A (LTA) structure was prepared as pure silica with 4-methyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3.2.1-ij]quinolinium as organic structure directing agent. Pyrolysis under inert atmosphere at 550 ºC of a pure-silica ITQ-29 sample (cubic particles of 4 m edge) renders a highly fluorescent zeolite containing about 15 wt.% of carbonised residue. While other small pore zeolite, ITQ-12 (ITW), also renders photoluminescence C-dots under similar conditions, medium or large pore zeolites, such as silicalite (MFI) or pure silica Beta (BEA), failed to produce fluorescent powders under analogous thermal treatment and only decomposition and complete removal of the corresponding quaternary ammonium ion templates was observed for these zeolites. Dissolution of the pyrolysed ITQ-29 zeolite framework and extraction of the carbon residue with ethyl acetate has allowed characterisation of C-dots with particle size between 5-12 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 0.4 upon excitation at 350 nm that is among the highest reported for non surface functionalized C-dots. The photoluminescence varies with the excitation wavelength and is quenched by oxygen. Pyrolysed ITQ-29 powders can act as fluorescent oxygen sensor.

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Bandgap‐Like Strong Fluorescence in Functionalized Carbon Nanoparticles

Cited by 574 publications

References 39 publications

Characterization and Analytical Separation of Fluorescent Carbon Nanodots

Characterization and Analytical Separation of Fluorescent Carbon Nanodots

Ga@C-dots as an antibacterial agent for the eradication of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>

Highly fluorescent C-dots obtained by pyrolysis of quaternary ammonium ions trapped in all-silica ITQ-29 zeolite

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