Band-spacing in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography as a function of solvent strength

Quarry, M. A.; Grob, Robert L.; Snyder, Lloyd R.; Dolan, John W.; Rigney, M. P.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)94668-0

Cited by 59 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We found that these solute parameters vary in a reasonably linear fashion with temperature as the S values range from as low as 3 to as high as 18. Only in the case of the simple benzene derivatives (solute set C) is an approximate linear relationship between S and ln k′ w observed [56-59]. For solute sets A and B there is a rather poor correlation between S and ln k′ w [19, 51, 60] due to the high chemical diversity of the analytes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrument parameters controlling retention precision in gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Beyaz

Fan

Carr

et al. 2014

Journal of Chromatography A

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The precision of retention time in RPLC is important for compound identification, for setting peak integration time windows and in fundamental studies of retention. In this work, we studied the effect of temperature (T), initial (ϕ0) and final mobile phase (ϕf)composition, gradient time (tG), and flow rate (F) on the retention time precision under gradient elution conditions for various types of low MW solutes. We determined the retention factor in pure water (k′w) and the solute-dependent solvent strength (S) parameters of Snyder's linear solvent strength theory (LSST) as a function of temperature for three different groups of solutes. The effect of small changes in the chromatographic variables (T, ϕ0, ϕf, tG and F) by use of the LSST gradient retention equation were estimated. Peaks at different positions in the chromatogram have different sensitivities to changes in these instrument parameters. In general, absolute fluctuations in retention time are larger at longer gradient times. Drugs showed less sensitivity to changes in temperature compared to relatively less polar solutes, non-ionogenic solutes. Surprisingly we observed that fluctuations in temperature, mobile phase composition and flow rate had less effect on retention time under gradient conditions as compared to isocratic conditions. Overall temperature and the initial mobile phase composition are the more important variables affecting retention reproducibility in gradient elution chromatography.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrument parameters controlling retention precision in gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Beyaz

Fan

Carr

et al. 2014

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…For a set of series consisting of different strong polar groups resulting in a series of dipolarity/polarizability and hydrogen bonding energy, there is not only a linear relation for each series but also a series of parallel lines for the set of series because the slope is constant for all solutes according to Eq. (9). The difference between intercepts of the parallel lines is determined by the different dipolarity/polarizability and hydrogen bonding energy of each series.…”

Section: Investigation Of the Linear Relationship Between Logkw And Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both of logkw and S can be explained by the same solute parameters. So the correlation of logkw and S for a series of solutes has attracted a number of workers, relative to roughly predicting logkw and S from molecular descriptors [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The linear relationship between logkw and S has been reported by many workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of structurally related compounds fromAstragalus extract by correlation of the logk w andS

Xiao

Liang

2000

Chromatographia

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Key WordsColumn liquid chromatography Classification of structurally related compounds Correlation of the logkw and S Complex unknown sample Astragalus extract SummaryThe linear relationship between logkw and S derived from molecular interactions and statistical thermodynamics was investigated by four series of different polar probe solutes. For each series of similar polar solutes, structurally related compounds with similar dipolarity/polarizability and hydrogen bonding energy, a linear relationship between logkw and Swas obtained. The more similar the solutes, the greater were the regression coefficients obtained. For two series of solutes with different strong polar groups resulting in different dipolarity/polarizability and hydrogen bonding energy, two parallel lines were observed in the logkw-Splots. Each line represented one series of compounds and the distance between them indicated the difference in the dipolarity/polarizability and hydrogen bonding energy. Based on the parallel lines implying information on structurally related compounds in the logkw-S plot, a method of classification of structurally related compounds was put forward and the linear logkw-S correlation for unknown components in nonaqueous RP-HPLC analysis of Astragalus extract with isopropanol-methanol mobile phase was studied. Two nearly parallel lines were obtained in the logkw-S plot and two series of structurally related compounds were classified in this way.

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“…Linear solvent strength gradients are convenient for optimization studies and the linear solvent strength gradient model sufficiently accurate to predict retention and resolution in gradient separations by computer simulations based on a small number of experiments [480,535,536,539,[552][553][554][555][562][563][564][565]. An example of an optimal linear solvent strength gradient is shown in Figure 4.36 [557].…”

Section: Gradient Elution Liquid Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resolution between two adjacent bands in a gradient program, again analogous to isocratic elution, is expressed by equation Linear solvent strength gradients can be used to predict isocratic retention in reversed-phase chromatography based on the experimental data for a single [552,553] or two gradient runs [534][535][536]539]. The effective value of the capacity factor, k e , is simply 1/1.15b.…”

Section: Gradient Elution Liquid Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Column in Liquid Chromatography

Poole

1991

Chromatography Today

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Band-spacing in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography as a function of solvent strength

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Instrument parameters controlling retention precision in gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Instrument parameters controlling retention precision in gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Classification of structurally related compounds fromAstragalus extract by correlation of the logk w andS

The Column in Liquid Chromatography

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