Band gap engineering of tandem structured CIGS compound absorption layer fabricated by sputtering and selenization

Cadmium effect on optical properties of Cu2Zn1−xCdxSnS4 quinternary alloys nanostructures

“…It is composed of earth-abundant cheap and non-toxic elements (Feser et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2012;Tanaka et al, 2014;Ge et al, 2014;Service, 2010;Reshak et al, 2014). The structure of CZTS makes it a promising replacement material for CuIn 1Àx Ga x Se 2 (CIGS) and CdTe in solar cells by replacing In with Zn, Ga with Sn, and Se with S (Singh et al, 2012;Gurav et al, 2014;Kang et al, 2013).…”

Bandgap profiling in CIGS solar cells via valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy

“…This typically requires the production of a substantial data library populated via separate opto-electronic measurements, such as spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence. [6][7][8] These time-consuming and indirect procedures have impeded, or at least significantly slowed, progress toward understanding and optimization of CIGS materials and solar cells. Indeed, the same could be said for nearly any complex material system, both with application to PV and beyond.…”

Preparation of Cu2ZnSn(1-x)GexS4 Single Crystals by Molten Salt Method

“…The bandgap of Cu 2 ZnSn 1-x Ge x S 4 (CZTGS) compounds can be tuned from ~1.5 to ~2.25 eV by varying the atomic ratio x of Ge/(Ge+Sn) [8]. This tuneable bandgap for achieving graded-band-gap single-junction solar cells and also multi-junction devices as those reported in CIGS solar cells [11]. Ford et al [8]has reported a tunable band gap Cu 2 Zn(Sn 1-x Ge x )S 4 nanocrystals solar cells with a conversion efficiency of 6.8%, while a thorough understanding of the basic properties of CZTGS single crystal is essential for the successful utilization of these compounds in high efficiency solar cells.…”