Band‐Gap Control of Zinc Sulfide: Towards an Efficient Visible‐Light‐Sensitive Photocatalyst

Kurnia, Fran; Hart, Judy N.

doi:10.1002/cphc.201500264

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Second, while in the range of [Zn(Tb)S]/[Cd 2+ ] = 1:10 –4 to 1:10 –2 , the formation of ZnS/CdS core/shell structure can be argued, we anticipate that such a structure formation would result in lengthening of Tb 3+ emission intensity due to a decrease in nonradiative deactivation pathways, which was not observed experimentally. Third, the origin of an additional lower energy excitation band at 305 nm in the photoluminescence excitation spectra of the nanoparticles with a very low Cd 2+ concentration with [Zn(Tb)S]/[Cd 2+ ] = 1:10 –4 to 1:10 –3 agree well with the prediction by Hart and Kurnia on cadmium-introduced ZnS.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Structural Evolution Controls Photoluminescence of Post-Synthetically Modified Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles

2019

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This work discusses the photoluminescence properties of doped semiconductor nanoparticles by adding cadmium(II) nitrates post-synthetically to the terbium cation incorporated zinc sulfide [Zn(Tb)S] nanoparticles at room temperature to generate the Zn(Tb)S/Cd nanoparticles. The evolution of nanoparticle's emission is monitored as a function of amount of Cd 2+ , with [Zn(Tb)S]/[Cd 2+ ] = 1:10 −4 to 1:10, providing an opportunity to access materials of different chemical compositions. Structural features, as evaluated by X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, indicate a partial cation exchange of zinc by cadmium. No apparent replacement of terbium is noticed throughout the post-synthetic modification of the Zn(Tb)S nanoparticles until the relative reactant ratio reaches 1:10, and this only becomes noticeable with [Zn(Tb)S]/[Cd 2+ ] = 1:50. Remarkable differences in both broad and sharp emissions of nanoparticles and Tb 3+ , respectively, have been observed in the post-synthetic modification. The reaction initiates with a blue shift of nanoparticle's broad emission, and a further increase in Cd 2+ content results in a red shift. Tb 3+ emission, despite its insensitivity in the spectral band position due to the intra-configurational 4f transitions, shows a decrease in emission efficiency following post-synthetic modification. Formation of alloyed particles, however, significantly improved excitation contribution approaching the visible spectral region. Lifetime measurements of nanoparticles and Tb 3+ emission support the exchange of cations and the role of competitive nonradiative deactivation pathways, respectively. Collectively, nanoparticles with [Zn(Tb)S]/[Cd 2+ ] = 1:10 −4 to 1:10 −3 , 1:10 −2 , 1:10 −2 to 1:10, and 1:50 are argued to form Cd 2+ -induced surface trap-passivated Zn(Cd)(Tb)S, onset of Zn 1−x Cd x (Tb)S alloy formation, Zn 1−x Cd x (Tb)S alloys of varying compositions, and Zn 1−x Cd x S nanoparticles, respectively. Finally, this work provides a foundation to tune the properties of any emissive doped semiconductor nanoparticles in a lesser synthetically demanding fashion and has important implications in developing such materials.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Structural Evolution Controls Photoluminescence of Post-Synthetically Modified Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles

2019

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“…E g was found to be 3.40(5) eV, corresponding to a wavelength of 365 nm. The obtained E g is similar to that found for bulk ZnS by Kurnia et al (around 3.6 eV) . It has to be noted that the actual sizes of the present NPs (around 5–6 nm, see Table ) is much higher than the exciton Bohr radius for ZnS (2.5 nm) and therefore the quantum confinement effect is negligible in line with the found energy bandgap value.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The obtained E g is similar to that found for bulk ZnS by Kurnia et al (around 3.6 eV). 54 It has to be noted that the actual sizes of the present NPs (around 5−6 nm, see Table 1) is much higher than the exciton Bohr radius for ZnS (2.5 nm) 11 and therefore the quantum confinement effect is negligible in line with the found energy bandgap value. On the other hand, the emission of the undoped sample upon UV excitation in the bandgap region (excitation around 365 nm) is barely detectable as it can be noted from the picture shown in the Supporting Information (Figure S28) where a comparison among the ZnS NPs samples is shown upon excitation with a Wood's lamp.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Microfluidic Crystallization of Surfactant-Free Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles for Optical Bioimaging Applications

Tajoli

Dengo

Mognato

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The room-temperature controlled crystallization of monodispersed ZnS nanoparticles (average size of 5 nm) doped with luminescent ions (such as Mn 2+ , Eu 3+ , Sm 3+ , Nd 3+ , and Yb 3+ ) was achieved via a microfluidic approach. The preparation did not require any stabilizing ligands or surfactants, minimizing potential sources of impurities. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized from a structural (XRD and XAS at lanthanide L 3 edges), morphological (TEM), and compositional (XPS, ICP-MS) perspective, giving complementary information on the materials' features. In view of potential applications in the field of optical bioimaging, the optical emission properties of the doped nanoparticles were assessed, and samples showed strong luminescent properties while being less affected by self-quenching mechanisms. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity experiments were conducted, showing no negative effects and evidencing the appeal of the synthesized materials for potential applications in the field of optical bioimaging.

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“…With lower optical band gap, ternary zinc cobalt sulfides have been widely used as luminescent materials, active photocatalysts, and diluted magnetic semiconductors . Recently, the extended applications of ternary zinc cobalt sulfides in electrochemical energy storage and conversion have also been documented …”

Section: Mmss For Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Applimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Metal Sulfides for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

Lou

2017

Advanced Energy Materials

692

319

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Mixed metal sulfides (MMSs) have attracted increased attention as promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems including lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs), metal–air batteries (MABs), and water splitting. Compared with monometal sulfides, MMSs exhibit greatly enhanced electrochemical performance, which is largely originated from their higher electronic conductivity and richer redox reactions. In this review, recent progresses in the rational design and synthesis of diverse MMS‐based micro/nanostructures with controlled morphologies, sizes, and compositions for LIBs, SIBs, HSCs, MABs, and water splitting are summarized. In particular, nanostructuring, synthesis of nanocomposites with carbonaceous materials and fabrication of 3D MMS‐based electrodes are demonstrated to be three effective approaches for improving the electrochemical performance of MMS‐based electrode materials. Furthermore, some potential challenges as well as prospects are discussed to further advance the development of MMS‐based electrode materials for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems.

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Band‐Gap Control of Zinc Sulfide: Towards an Efficient Visible‐Light‐Sensitive Photocatalyst

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

Structural Evolution Controls Photoluminescence of Post-Synthetically Modified Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles

Structural Evolution Controls Photoluminescence of Post-Synthetically Modified Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles

Microfluidic Crystallization of Surfactant-Free Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles for Optical Bioimaging Applications

Mixed Metal Sulfides for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

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