Banco de sementes de plantas daninhas em solo cultivado com pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria humidicola de diferentes idades

Silva, D.S.M.; Dias‐Filho, M. B.

doi:10.1590/s0100-83582001000200004

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Various studies recently conducted in the tropics have been aimed at identifying weed species in crop fields, in pastures and in the corresponding seed banks (Silva & Dias-Filho 2001;Lacerda et al 2005;Begum et al 2006;Lopes et al 2006;Ikeda et al 2008;Isaac & Guimarães 2008;Andrade et al 2009;Costa et al 2009;Kamoshita et al 2010). However those studies were focused on agribusiness rather than on generating scientific knowledge for use in subsistence farming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic diversity of the soil weed seed bank in a rice-growing area of Brazil: in situ and ex situ evaluation

2013

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The objective of this study was to compare the ex situ and in situ floristic diversity of the soil weed seed bank of a rice field in northeastern Brazil. In a rice field in the county of Bacabal, located in the state of Maranhão, thirty 25-m 2 plots were laid out. From 15 plots, soil samples (6/plot; n = 90) were taken with a soil probe (25 × 16 × 3 cm) and placed in aluminum trays in the greenhouse. From the remaining 15 plots, weed samples (6/plot; n = 90) were taken with the same soil probe. The number of seeds was estimated by germination. We evaluated the numbers of species and individuals, as well as the density, frequency, abundance and importance value (IV) for each species. Diversity was computed by the Shannon index (H'). We recorded 13,892 individuals (among 20 families, 40 genera and 60 species), of which 11,530 (among 50 species) germinated ex situ and 2,362 (among 34 species) germinated in situ. The family Cyperaceae had the highest number of species (16), followed by Poaceae (10). The dominant species, in situ and ex situ, were Schoenoplectus juncoides (IV=47.4%) and Ludwigia octovalvis (IV=34.8%), respectively. Floristic diversity was higher ex situ (H'=2.66). The information obtained here could help determine the infestation potential of these species, which could lead to improved management strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic diversity of the soil weed seed bank in a rice-growing area of Brazil: in situ and ex situ evaluation

2013

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“…Maia et al (2004), on studying weed seed banks in natural fields, also observed that soil moisture content was one of the most important abiotic factors affecting patterns of variation in vegetation. Other authors have also considered soil water content as a determining factor affecting weed seed bank germination (MUNHOZ;FELFILI, 2006;VIVIAN et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil weed seed bank in situ and ex situ at a smallholder field in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil

2014

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ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to assess the density, floristic composition, phytosociology and diversity of a soil weed seed bank ex situ by germination in a greenhouse and in situ by weed sampling on a smallholder corn field located in Lago Verde County, Maranhão State. Fifteen pairs of 25 m 2 plots were designated. In half of these plots, 90 soil samples were collected with an open metal template measuring 25 x 16 x 3 cm and placed in a greenhouse to germinate. In the other half, 90 weed samples were collected using the same metal template. We recorded a total of 1,998 individuals from 40 species, 31 genera and 16 families, from which 659 individuals germinated in situ and 1,339 ex situ. Density was higher ex situ, with 372 plants m -2 . The Cyperaceae family had the highest floristic richness with nine species, followed by the Poaceae with six. The dominant species based on the Importance Value Index were Lindernia crustacea (IVI 27.7%) in situ and Scleria lithosperma (IVI 37.0%) ex situ. Floristic diversity was higher ex situ, with H' = 2.66 nats ind -1. These results could help predict infestation potential and could lead to improved weed management strategies in corn-growing areas on smallholdings in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil.Keywords: cyperaceae, competition, biological invasion, phytosociology, smallholder farmers.Banco de sementes de plantas invasoras no solo in situ e ex situ em área de agricultura de subsistência no Estado do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil RESUMO. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a densidade, composição florística, fitossociologia e a diversidade no banco de sementes do solo ex situ pelo método de germinação em casa de vegetação e in situ em área de cultivo de subsistência de milho no município de Lago Verde, Estado do Maranhão. Quinze pares de parcelas de 25 m 2 foram alocadas. Na metade destas parcelas, 90 amostras de solos foram retiradas com um gabarito de metal vazado de 25 x 16 x 3 cm e colocadas para germinar em casa de vegetação. Na outra metade, 90 amostras de plantas invasoras foram retiradas com o mesmo gabarito. Foi registrado o total de 1.998 indivíduos de 40 espécies, 31 gêneros e 16 famílias, dos quais 659 indivíduos de 29 espécies germinaram in situ e 1.339 individuos de 29 espécies ex situ. A família Cyperaceae teve a maior riqueza florística com 9 espécies, seguida pela família Poaceae com seis. As espécies dominantes baseado no índice de valor de importância foram Lindernia crustacea (IVI 27,7%) in situ e Scleria lithosperma (IVI 37,0%) ex situ. A diversidade florística foi maior no banco de sementes do solo ex situ com H' = 2,66 nats ind -1 . Estes resultados podem ajudar na previsão de infestações e contribuir para melhorar estratégias de manejo de plantas invasoras em areas de cultivo de subsistência no Maranhão.

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“…Vários são os trabalhos que buscam o conhecimento da flora infestante em pastagem, em diversas regiões no Brasil, buscando elucidar a intensidade de interferência (Peixoto et al, 1982;Mascarenhas et al, 1999, Modesto Júnior & Mascarenhas, 2001Silva & Dias Filho, 2001;Lara et al, 2003;Tuffi Santos et al, 2004, Maciel et al, 2008, Galvão et al, 2011.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Levantamento fitossociológico e produção de forragem em pasto de capim-gordura

et al. 2015

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1Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de efetuar o levantamento fitossociológico em um pasto de capimgordura (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.), que vinha sendo pastejado por bovinos de corte, há mais de dez anos, sem estratégia de manejo definida. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em Viço-sa, MG. Para avaliação das características fitossociológicas e da massa seca das plantas daninhas e da forrageira, utilizou-se o método do quadrado inventário, aplicando-se um quadrado de 0,25 m 2 , lançado, ao acaso, 40 vezes, na pastagem, perfazendo uma área amostral de 10 m 2 . Em toda a área experimental, foram identificadas 31 espécies e 12 famílias botânicas, tendo como destaque as famílias Poaceae, com oito espécies, e Asteraceae, com sete espé-cies. A forrageira cultivada M. minutiflora P.Beauv., corresponde a 24,26% da produção total de massa seca, entre espécies levantadas na área. Estes resultados indicam estádio avançado de degradação do pasto de capim-gordura, com elevada infestação por plantas daninhas, inclusive espécies consideradas tóxicas, epinescentes e de alta competitividade com as forrageiras, o que o caracteriza como pasto de baixa capacidade de suporte. Palavras Phytosociological survey and forage production in molasses grass pastureThe objective of this study was the phytosociological survey in a pasture of molasses grass pasture (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.) that had been grazed by beef cattle over ten years without management. The survey was conducted in the campus of Federal University of Viçosa, MG. The phytosociological characteristics and dry mass of invasive species and the forage was evaluated using the inventory square method, using a 0.25 m 2 squared frame randomly placed in 40 positions on the pasture, to make a sample area of 10 m 2 . A total of 31 species and 12 botany families were identified in the experimental area. The Poaceae family with eight species and Asteraceae with seven species were the most prominent families. The cultivated forage M. minutiflora P. Beauv. corresponded to 24.26% of the total dry mass of the species surveyed in the area. These results indicate an advanced stage of degradation of the molasses grass pasture with high weed infestation , including species that are considered toxic, spiny and highly competitive with the forage, characterizing a pasture of low support capacity.

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Banco de sementes de plantas daninhas em solo cultivado com pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria humidicola de diferentes idades

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Floristic diversity of the soil weed seed bank in a rice-growing area of Brazil: in situ and ex situ evaluation

Floristic diversity of the soil weed seed bank in a rice-growing area of Brazil: in situ and ex situ evaluation

<b>Soil weed seed bank <i>in situ</i> and <i>ex situ</i> at a smallholder field in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil

Levantamento fitossociológico e produção de forragem em pasto de capim-gordura

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