Bamboo: The Emerging Renewable Material for Sustainable Construction

Goh, Yingxin; Yap, Soon Poh; Tong, Teong Y.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.10748-9

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There are many cavities within the bamboo vascular bundles, as presented in Figure 4 . In addition, in bamboo fibers, which are bundles of elementary filaments bonded together by the middle lamellae [ 36 ] ( Figure 5 ), the proportion of lumen tends to be higher towards the fiber bundle periphery. Therefore, theoretically, it is possible to compress bamboo close to a density of the cell wall density, which is approximately 1500 kg/m 3 [ 37 ].…”

Section: Bamboomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Densification of Bamboo: State of the Art

et al. 2020

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Densification processes are used to improve the mechanical and physical properties of lignocellulose materials by either collapsing the cell cavities or by filling up the pores, consequently reducing the void volume fraction. This paper focuses on an extensive review of bamboo densification process, which is achieved by compressing the material in the direction perpendicular to the fibers using mainly two different techniques: an open system, thermo-mechanical (TM), or a closed system, viscoelastic-thermal-compression (VTC). The main aim of bamboo densification is to decrease its heterogeneity, as well as to improve its mechanical and physical performance. In addition, densification may occur during the manufacturing of bamboo products in which hot-pressing processes are used to mold bamboo panels. There are over 1600 publications about bamboo, concentrated in the recent decade, mainly about engineered materials. Although several papers regarding bamboo and wood densification are available, very few studies have comprehensively investigated the densification process solely through compression of natural bamboo culms. According to the literature, applying a combination of compression of 6–12 MPa at temperatures between 120–170 °C for 8–20 min can produce materials with higher strength in comparison to the mechanical properties of natural bamboo. The majority of research on bamboo densification indicates that the modified material results in improved properties in terms of density, hardness, bending strength, stiffness, and durability. This paper provides a review that consolidates knowledge on the concept of bamboo culm densification, discusses the roles of parameters that control the process, ascertains the best practice, and finally determines gaps in this field of knowledge.

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Section: Bamboomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this figure, the Tg Figure 9. Typical compressive stress-strain curves of bamboo (adapted from [36]).…”

Section: Softening Behavior Of Bamboomentioning

confidence: 99%

Densification of Bamboo: State of the Art

et al. 2020

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“…Bamboo is a type of giant woody grass that grows in approximately 3.2% of the world's total forest area, which accounts for 38 billion hectares. 26 It takes around 3-6 years to harvest depending on the species. During the harvest, the rhizome remains intact, thus new culms can grow back without the need for replanting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐derived sodium silicate for the manufacture of alkali‐activated binders: Use of bamboo leaf ash as silicate source

Vinai

Ntimugura

Cutbill

et al. 2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Alkali activated binders are a promising alternative to the use of Portland cement in the manufacture of concrete for curbing CO2 emissions. Novel sources of silicates have been investigated in recent years for reducing cost and environmental impacts associated with the use of chemical activators. This study describes the production of solid sodium silicate (SS) activating powder from bamboo leaf ash (BLA). Bamboo leaves were calcined at 550–800°C, mixed with NaOH pellets, and heated in an oven at 300°C. The obtained silicate powder was used for activating blended fly ash/slag samples. Mechanical and microstructural properties of BLA‐based samples were compared to those of samples made with commercially available chemicals. The strength of BLA‐activated mortars matched the commercially‐sourced activators, being 25–30 MPa at 7 days and exceeding 40 MPa at 28 days. The microstructural analysis suggested that BLA‐based SS showed a lesser degree of dissolution of precursors at 7 days, but the quality of the matrix was higher than that of NaOH‐activated samples. These results confirmed that the reactivity of BLA‐silicate powder was similar to that of commercial SS solutions, and show the potential valorization of future biomass renewable waste in the production of low carbon, alkali‐activated concretes.

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“…Bamboo is an example of natural abundancy that presents an enviable versatility in relation to other manmade materials. Bamboo is a fast-growing plant of the Poaceae family (subfamily Bambusoideae) with around 1450 species that is part of the cultural and ecological landscape of many countries in Asia, America and Africa (CLARK; LONDOÑO; RUIZ- SANCHEZ, 2015;GOH;YAP;TONG, 2019). It also works as an efficient carbon sink, storing approximately 5.7 kg of CO2 per kg of dry biomass above the ground (VOGTLÄNDER; VAN DER VELDEN; VAN DER LUGT, 2014; VAN DER LUGT et al, 2015).…”

Section: Contextualization and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preservative treatment and chemical modification of bamboo for structural purposes

Gauss¹

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Os materiais à base de bambu estão na caixa de ferramentas de práticas sustentáveis e têm um alto potencial para o desenvolvimento e a expansão de novos produtos na indústria da construção. Embora inúmeras vantagens sejam atribuídas ao bambu, existem vários problemas relacionados ao seu uso que devem ser resolvidos e mitigados. Sem tratamento adequado, os materiais de bambu não resistem a uma longa vida útil. Os procedimentos de tratamento são bem conhecidos, para os quais diversos métodos e soluções preservativas podem ser utilizados, dependendo da aplicação final, logística, condição do material e acessibilidade. No entanto, informações básicas sobre o tratamento químico do bambu em termos de tratabilidade, controle de qualidade e o efeito nas propriedades físico-mecânicas e o desenvolvimento de soluções menos perigosas são tópicos pouco explorados. Portanto, esta tese de doutorado foi dividida em duas partes/objetivos principais: avaliação de tratamentos convencionais para bambu e o uso de métodos de preservação alternativos baseados em modificação química e polimerização in-situ. Na primeira parte, preservativos convencionais foram aplicados no tratamento dos bambusDendrocalamus. asper e Phyllostachys edulis e analisados sob o ponto de vista de aspectos de qualidade. Métodos analíticos para avaliação da tratabilidade, como penetração e retenção, foram utilizados para o bambu tratado com octaborato de sódio tetrahidratado (OST) e cromato de cobre cromatado (CCB). Testes mecânicos, físicos e químicos foram amplamente utilizados para caracterizar amostras tratadas e os efeitos dos preservativos nas propriedades mecânicas foram investigados. Adicionalmente, o bambu roliço foi objeto de caracterização mecânica detalhada por meio de análise de deformação por correlação de imagem digital. Os resultados obtidos resultaram em recomendações para futuras normas para ensaios de bambu e na observação do efeito local do nó em compressão, cisalhamento, tração e flexão. Ademais, os tratamentos investigados não mostraram efeitos prejudiciais sobre as propriedades mecânicas, especialmente o tratamento com OST, que resulta em uma melhora na resistência do bambu.Diretrizes para tratamento pelo método de imersão usando OST também foram apresentadas como uma proposta para melhorar a qualidade da produção do bambu tratado. Na segunda parte desta tese, seguindo o objetivo de melhorar as propriedades gerais do bambu, foram testados tratamentos alternativos à base de ácido cítrico e tanino em combinação com compostos de boro. Amostras quimicamente modificadas com ácido cítrico apresentaram considerável melhora na estabilidade dimensional e diminuição da absorção de água como consequência de um processo de esterificação. No entanto, a modificação aumentou a fragilidade do bambu, reduzindo especialmente a resistência à flexão. O uso de tanino/hexamina/boro polimerizado apresentou resultados positivos nas propriedades gerais do bambu, aumentando as resistências à compressão e à tração na flexão e a resistência à degradação por fungos mes...

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Bamboo: The Emerging Renewable Material for Sustainable Construction

Cited by 31 publications

References 8 publications

Densification of Bamboo: State of the Art

Densification of Bamboo: State of the Art

Bio‐derived sodium silicate for the manufacture of alkali‐activated binders: Use of bamboo leaf ash as silicate source

Preservative treatment and chemical modification of bamboo for structural purposes

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