Bamboo-inspired optimal design for functionally graded hollow cylinders

Sato, Motohiro; Inoue, Akio; Shima, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0175029

Cited by 47 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Bamboos effectively control their internode length as well as other geometric parameters, such as culm diameter and culm wall thickness, in accordance with lightweight and high-strength design concepts (Shima et al 2016). They also maximize their flexural rigidity by optimally regulating the radial gradation of the vascular bundle distribution (Sato et al 2017). Furthermore, the combination of the uneven internode length and the gradated distribution of vascular bundles contributes to bending resistance by forming a nearly optimal shape (Sato et al 2016).…”

Section: Is Tiff Different Between Trees and Bamboos?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new taper index based on form-factor: application to three bamboo species (Phyllostachys spp.)

2021

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The form-factor for the stem surface area is directly proportional to the square root of the form-factor for the stem volume, i.e., the square root law of the form-factor. Although the square root law addresses the stems of coniferous trees, the nature of the proportional coefficient of the law has not been discussed. In this study, we demonstrated that the coefficient indicates the stem taper; therefore, it is named “Taper Index based on Form-Factor (TIFF).” We also examined the relationship between the form-factor for the culm surface area and the form-factor for the apparent culm volume of 570 culms across three bamboo species (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houz., P. bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc., and P. nigra var. henonis). The square root law held true for all three bamboo species. The species-specific TIFF was determined to be 0.873 for P. pubescens, 0.897 for P. bambusoides, and 0.901 for P. nigra. This result implied that P. pubescens had a more tapering culm form compared to the other two species, while culm taper was similar between P. bambusoides and P. nigra. Our findings align with empirical observations of the culm taper of the bamboo species. Intra-species variation in TIFF was considerably small, allowing us to evaluate the species-specific culm taper from a small number of samples. Therefore, we conclude that TIFF provides a simple and useful method for quantifying species-specific culm or stem taper, and facilitates the estimation of merchantable or total volume.

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Section: Is Tiff Different Between Trees and Bamboos?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new taper index based on form-factor: application to three bamboo species (Phyllostachys spp.)

2021

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“…Understanding the mechanical rationality of bamboo will aid the design of an ideal biomimetic hollow cylindrical structure that simultaneously provides high strength and high rigidity with efficient use of materials. Therefore, bamboo-inspired bionic design has been heavily researched in recent years [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Amada and Nagase [15] focused on the characteristics of flexure and estimated the wind load applied to the trunk by the branches and leaves and their own weight from the projected area of the photographs, and conducted a large deflection analysis based on the measured data of bamboo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Bamboo And Their Use In Fishing Rods

Nishiyama¹,

Sato²

2021

Preprint

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Bamboo has historically been used in Japan as a structural material and for building tools such as fishing rods owing to its remarkable structural properties. In recent years, the materials used for manufacturing fishing rods have changed greatly owing to the development of composite materials; however, the basic slender tapered hollow cylindrical fishing rod design has remained unchanged throughout the long history of fishing. However, the mechanical rationale behind this structural design has not yet been sufficiently verified, and this study clarifies this. The analysis was performed by solving the nonlinear bending equation of a slender tapered cantilever beam with a concentrated load at the tip, which causes large deflection, using the Runge–Kutta method. The deflection curves and bending stresses were obtained, and the structural design to minimize the stresses was explored. Our results may prove useful for bamboo-inspired bionic design and bring to light our ancestors’ deep knowledge of natural materials and their advanced technological capabilities.

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“…Besides artificial structures, the culms, stems, and branches of some wild plants have an excellent functional form with hollowness. Bamboo is a salient example of such plants [2,3], native to warm and moist tropical regions in the world [4,5]. From a structural mechanics perspective, bamboo culms are considered long hollow cylinders with a slightly thicker base and thinner tips [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Performance of Hollow Square Prisms with Rounded Edges

et al. 2020

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Hollow-section columns are one of the mechanically superior structures with high buckling resistance and high bending stiffness. The mechanical properties of the column are strongly influenced by the cross-sectional shape. Therefore, when evaluating the stability of a column against external forces, it is necessary to reproduce the cross-sectional shape accurately. In this study, we propose a mathematical method to describe a polygonal section with rounded edges and vertices. This mathematical model would be quite useful for analyzing the mechanical properties of plants and designing plant-mimicking functional structures, since the cross-sections of the actual plant culms and stems often show rounded polygons.

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Bamboo-inspired optimal design for functionally graded hollow cylinders

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

A new taper index based on form-factor: application to three bamboo species (Phyllostachys spp.)

A new taper index based on form-factor: application to three bamboo species (Phyllostachys spp.)

Mechanical Properties of Bamboo And Their Use In Fishing Rods

Cross-Sectional Performance of Hollow Square Prisms with Rounded Edges

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