Balloon dilatation as a method of treatment of subglottic laryngeal stenosis in the patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Abstract

The main etiological causes of the development of subglottic stenosis of the larynx are the post-intubation changes and systemic diseases resulting in cicatricial phenomena in the area of the subglottic part of the larynx, that cause respiratory failure. The objective of the study was to improve the efficacy of treatment of the patients with subglottic stenosis of larynx, including the patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, using the method of balloon dilatation of respiratory tract. Materials and methods: the authors examined and treated 28 patients with subglottic laryngeal stenosis, an etiological factor of stenosis in 8 patients was prolonged intubation, in 12 other patients it was granulomatosis with polyangiitis, in 8 patients the stenosis was idiopathic. All the patients underwent surgical treatment – balloon dilatation under endoscopic control. Results: the result of balloon dilatation was a persistent expansion of the larynx diameter in all patients without intraoperative complications, thus avoiding open surgical interventions on the larynx. As a result of outpatient follow-up, a complication in the form of restenosis occurred in one patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, which was directly related to the recurrence of the underlying disease.