Ballistic performance of honeycomb sandwich structures reinforced by functionally graded face plates

Abstract

This study investigates damage mechanisms and deformation of honeycomb sandwich structures reinforced by functionally graded face plates under ballistic impact. The honeycomb sandwich structure consists of two identical functionally graded face sheets, having different material compositions through the thickness, and an aluminum honeycomb core. The functionally graded face sheets consist of ceramic (SiC) and aluminum (Al 6061) phases. The through-thickness mechanical properties of face sheets are assumed to vary according to a power-law. The locally effective material properties are evaluated using the Mori–Tanaka scheme. The effect of material composition of functionally graded face sheets on the ballistic performance of honeycomb sandwich structures was investigated using the finite element method and the penetration and perforation threshold energy values on ballistic performance and ballistic limit of the sandwich structures are determined. The contribution of the honeycomb core on the ballistic performance of the sandwich structure was evaluated by comparing with spaced plates (without honeycomb core) in terms of the residual velocity, kinetic energy, and damage area.

Experimental and Numerical Study of Ballistic Resistance of Composites Based on Sandwich Metallic Foams

“…The ability to absorb impact energy is conditioned, among others, by the structure of the honeycombs, as shown in [24,25]. Using a fragment simulating projectile (FSP) [26] weighing 1.1 g at a speed of 350 m•s −1 , according to the study [24], the relationship between the structure of the honeycomb core and three types of unit cell configuration (regular hexagons, rectangular, and in-depth) and the ability to absorb energy depending on the load were determined.…”

“…Using a fragment simulating projectile (FSP) [26] weighing 1.1 g at a speed of 350 m•s −1 , according to the study [24], the relationship between the structure of the honeycomb core and three types of unit cell configuration (regular hexagons, rectangular, and in-depth) and the ability to absorb energy depending on the load were determined. However, in [25] the mechanisms of damage and deformation of sandwich honeycomb structures reinforced with functionally stepped faceplates under ballistic impact were examined. The ballistic performance for specific types of honeycombs (hexagonal, in-depth, square, triangular, and round) was studied in [27].…”

An extended state space method for three-dimensional elasticity analysis of arbitrary graded sandwich plates

“…The face sheets and/or core can be made of laminated composites, smart materials, or functionally graded materials to enhance the structural or multi-functional capabilities of the sandwich panel [4–6]. Functionally graded materials in a sandwich panel can improve and/or optimize mechanical properties like blast resistance, fracture toughness, energy absorption capabilities [7–11], and thermo-mechanical properties [12] and provide smart functionalities like sensing and actuation [13,14].…”

Homogenized modeling and micromechanics analysis of thin-walled lattice plate structures for brake discs

“…By using lattice structure as the brake disc, we should define the stiffness of lattice jointed to the back and front plate of brake disc together as lattice plate [19,20], because changes in each parameter of the lattice plate [21] (thickness of trusses, thickness of back or front plates, etc.) easily changes the contact stiffness.…”