Ballistic impact performance of UHMWP fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid nanocomposite

Mishra, Vagish D.; Mishra, Ashish; Singh, Avinash; Verma, Luv; Rajesh, G.

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114991

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…They are composed of fixed yarns called warp, while the weft yarns are inserted under and over them [ 28 , 43 , 79 , 80 ]. Typically, as mentioned before, aramid, UHMWPE, polyphenylenebenzobisoxazole, and nylon are used in soft armor to provide protection from bullets [ 36 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ] and stabbing [ 52 , 54 , 55 , 85 , 86 , 87 ], as they present high-strength/modulus fibers and offers the proper strength to impact and trauma according to current security norms. Table 4 presents the parameters related to fabric that influence the ballistic performance.…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EER values also indicate how much energy the material could absorb without increasing its weight, but it is applied in comparison among groups of samples. Both parameters are reported in Mishra et al [ 81 ], but Liu et al [ 109 ] refer to the same parameter as “ballistic performance index” (BPI). The SEA is given by Equation ( 2 ):

where

is the areal density.…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SEA is given by Equation ( 2 ):

where

is the areal density. The EER parameter, also reported by Mishra et al [ 81 ] and Liu et al [ 109 ], is defined in Equation ( 3 ):

where

is the SEA of the neat fabric or any reference group, and

is the SEA of the impregnated fabric. Despite these parameters, it is worth mentioning that the ballistic response depends on several other features, such as those reported by Mawkhlieng and Majumdar [ 2 ]: Impact velocity; Distance between target and gun barrel; Boundary conditions; Angle of incidence; Point of impact; Shot location.…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the perspective of the panels, Mishra et al [ 81 ], Tang et al [ 18 ], Zhang et al [ 148 ], Olszewska et al [ 168 ], Bajya et al [ 182 ], and Hasan-Nezhad et al [ 178 ] analyzed the ballistic performance of a lightweight armor vest under other condition, namely using UHMWPE or E-Glass fabrics. Further analysis can also be observed in Nayak et al [ 191 ], such as thermogravimetric analysis, rheological tests, and high-strain tests, which are beyond the scope of the present work.…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

et al. 2022

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As destructive power of firearms raises over the years, ballistic armors are in continuous need of enhancement. For soft armors, this improvement is invariably related to the increase of stacked layers of high-strength fiber fabrics, which potentially restrains wearer mobility. A different solution was created in the early 2000s, when a research work proposed a new treatment of the ballistic panels with non-Newtonian colloidal shear thickening fluid (STF), in view of weight decreasing with strength reinforcement and cost-effective production. Since then, databases reveal a surge in publications generally pointing to acceptable features under ballistic impact by exploring different conditions of the materials adopted. As a result, several works have not been covered in recent reviews for a wider discussion of their methodologies and results, which could be a barrier to a deeper understanding of the behavior of STF-impregnated fabrics. Therefore, the present work aims to overview the unexplored state-of-art on the effectiveness of STF addition to high-strength fabrics for ballistic applications to compile achievements regarding the ballistic strength of this novel material through different parameters. From the screened papers, SiO2, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 400, and Aramid are extensively being incorporated into the STF/Fabric composites. Besides, parameters such as initial and residual velocity, energy absorbed, ballistic limit, and back face signature are common metrics for a comprehensive analysis of the ballistic performance of the material. The overview also points to a promising application of natural fiber fabrics and auxetic fabrics with STF fluids, as well as the demand for the adoption of new materials and more homogeneous ballistic test parameters. Finally, the work emphasizes that the ballistic application for STF-impregnated fabric based on NIJ standards is feasible for several conditions.

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Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

where

is the areal density.…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SEA is given by Equation ( 2 ):

where

is the areal density. The EER parameter, also reported by Mishra et al [ 81 ] and Liu et al [ 109 ], is defined in Equation ( 3 ):

where

is the SEA of the neat fabric or any reference group, and

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

et al. 2022

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show abstract

“…But this is not accurate in practical engineering applications. For example, in the field of protection, researchers pay more attention to the critical shear rate at which shear thickening occurs [27,28]. Especially in the experiment of high-speed impact, scholars found that the effect of STF was not ideal under the condition of high-speed impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological characteristics analysis of shear thickening fluids based on response surface methodology

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

Mater. Res. Express

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This paper analyzed the influence of various components and the external environment on the rheological properties of shear thickening fluid (STF). The single-factor experimental study was carried out with the silica particle size, the mass fraction of silica particles, the continuous phase's average molecular weight, and the temperature as the influencing factors. Obtain the influence of various factors on the initial viscosity, critical shear rate, thickening period and thickening ratio of STF samples. According to the crossover relationship between the shear stress and the intermolecular force when the shear thickening occurs, the STF's critical shear rate criterion is constructed. By introducing the mechanical balance between small molecules, the relationship between the particles' volume fraction and the distance between particles in the suspension system is established. The influencing factors and formulas of the STF's critical shear rate and shear capacity are deduced, which supports the conclusions obtained in the single-factor experiment. Based on the single-factor experiment conclusion, the mass fraction of silica particles, the average molecular weight of the continuous phase and the temperature are used as the influencing factors, and the critical shear rate, shear thickening ratio and maximum viscosity are the responses indicators. According to the Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) design, 15 analysis experiments with three factors and three levels are carried out. Obtain the rheological characteristics of the STF and regression equation between each factor, based on the three-dimensional response surface graph and F-value in ANOVA result. We found that among the interaction effects, the interaction between the continuous phase's average molecular weight and the temperature has the most significant impact on the critical shear rate of the STF. The interaction between the silica particles' mass fraction and the continuous phase's average molecular weight significantly impacts the shear thickening ratio of the STF. The interaction between silica particles' mass fraction and the temperature has the most significant impact on the maximum viscosity of the STF. Finally, according to the response surface methodology experimental results and ideal STF rheological characteristics standard in engineering applications, when the mass fraction of silica particles is 35%, the average molecular weight of the continuous phase is 387, and the temperature is 20 ℃. The critical shear rate of the STF system is 5.84 1/s, the shear thickening ratio is 102.8, and the peak viscosity is 1191.7 Pa∙s, reaching the optimal theoretical value within the value scope.

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Ballistic impact response and failure mechanism of aluminum/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber laminates with different adhesive quantity

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2022

Polymer Composites

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of metal-composite interface (MCI) adhesive quantity on the energy absorption and failure behavior of fiber metal laminates (FMLs) under ballistic impact. The dynamic shear and ballistic impact tests were systematically conducted, and CT scan was employed to quantitatively investigate the damage and failure mechanisms of the FMLs.The results reveal that the dynamic shear strength of MCI initially increases and then remains constant with the increase in the adhesive quantity at a constant strain rate. Moreover, the MCI adhesive quantity has a certain influence on the impact energy absorption of FMLs, and the degree of influence is related to the impact velocity. At an impact velocity of 360 m/s, the difference of energy absorption is maximal, approximately 14.7%. The distribution of total debonding area changes with increase in the adhesive quantity. When the impact velocity is 212 m/s, compared to FMLs with the lowest adhesive quantity, the total debonding area of FMLs with the highest adhesive quantity decreases by 774.57 mm 2 (9.20%), otherwise the debonding area near the rear aluminum alloy sheet increases by 595.94 mm 2 (58.99%). K E Y W O R D Sadhesive quantity, ballistic impact, failure mechanism, fiber metal laminates, metal-composite interface, split Hopkinson tie bar | INTRODUCTIONFiber metal laminates (FMLs) are hybrid composites containing metal alloys and fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs). [1,2] Combining the merits of both FRCs and metal alloys, FMLs not only exhibit high specific strength, specific stiffness, and excellent fatigue characteristics but also show outstanding load bearing capacity, impact resistance, and residual strength. [3][4][5] Therefore, FMLs are widely used in the aviation industry, such as wings, fuselage, and empennage of aircrafts, [6][7][8] and they also exhibit immense application potential in transportation, [9] armor protection, [10] and other fields.The mechanical properties of FMLs are primarily governed by the type of reinforcement fiber. [7] Currently, carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber are mainly used as the reinforcement fibers in FMLs. [11] Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber is a highperformance fiber with high modulus, low density, and outstanding energy absorption capacity. Therefore, it is extensively applied in the development of protective armors for soldiers and other military fields. [12][13][14] Over

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Ballistic impact performance of UHMWP fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid nanocomposite

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

Rheological characteristics analysis of shear thickening fluids based on response surface methodology

Ballistic impact response and failure mechanism of aluminum/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber laminates with different adhesive quantity

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