Ballistic imaging of biological media with collimated illumination and focal plane detection

Brezner, Barak; Cahen, Sarah; Glasser, Ziv; Sternklar, Shmuel; Granot, Er'el

doi:10.1117/1.jbo.20.7.076006

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…This model was shown to predict the experimental results, 19,20,34 however, it was shown that there is a discrepancy of a factor of 2 to 4 in the prefactor of the diffusive term.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Study of a simple model for the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes in diffusive media

2016

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A Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to investigate a simple model for the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes in diffusive media. The simulation focuses on the propagation of visible and near-infrared light in biological tissues. This research has mainly two findings: (1) the transition can be described, as was found experimentally, with good accuracy by only two terms (ballistic and diffusive). (2) The model can be utilized for cases where the absorption coefficient is not negligible compared to the scattering coefficient by adding a power-law prefactor to the diffusive term.

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“…This model was shown to predict the experimental results, 19,20,34 however, it was shown that there is a discrepancy of a factor of 2 to 4 in the prefactor of the diffusive term.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, experiments and simulations show disagreement regarding this point. 34 The mathematical model that was utilized in Ref. [15][16][17][18] Recent experiments reveal that the transition length depends not only on the scattering coefficient but on the collecting angle as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of a simple model for the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes in diffusive media

2016

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“…Photons travelling in scattering media can be divided into three broad categories [1][2][3]: ballistic photons, where there is no interaction with the medium and the photons propagate straight through with a coherent wavefront; snake photons which are weakly scattered, arrive immediately after ballistic photons and maintain some coherence since there are only minor deviations in direction; and diffuse photons which have scattered many times and have a trajectory that no longer corresponds to their initial propagation direction, leading to an incoherent wavefront. Ballistic and snake photons find many uses for imaging through scattering media [1,[4][5][6][7][8]. However, they are exponentially suppressed as the propagation depth increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of late photons in diffuse optical imaging

Radford¹,

Lyons²,

Tonolini³

et al. 2020

Opt. Express

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The ability to image through turbid media, such as organic tissues, is a highly attractive prospect for biological and medical imaging. This is challenging, however, due to the highly scattering properties of tissues which scramble the image information. The earliest photons that arrive at the detector are often associated with ballistic transmission, whilst the later photons are associated with complex paths due to multiple independent scattering events and are therefore typically considered to be detrimental to the final image formation process. In this work, we report on the importance of these highly diffuse, "late" photons for computational time-of-flight diffuse optical imaging. In thick scattering materials, >80 transport mean free paths, we provide evidence that including late photons in the inverse retrieval enhances the image reconstruction quality. We also show that the late photons alone have sufficient information to retrieve images of a similar quality to early photon gated data. This result emphasises the importance in the strongly diffusive regime of fully time-resolved imaging techniques.

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“…Photons travelling in scattering media can be divided into three broad categories [1][2][3][4]: ballistic photons, where there is no interaction with the medium and the photons propagate straight through with a coherent wavefront; snake photons which undergo a few scattering events; and diffuse photons which have scattered many times and have a trajectory that no longer corresponds to their initial propagation direction, leading to an incoherent wavefront. Ballistic and snake photons find many uses for imaging through scattering media [2,[5][6][7][8][9]. However, ballistic photons are exponentially suppressed as the propagation depth increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of late photons in diffuse optical imaging

Radford,

Lyons,

Tonolini

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The ability to image through turbid media such as organic tissues, is a highly attractive prospect for biological and medical imaging. This is challenging however, due to the highly scattering properties of tissues which scramble the image information. The earliest photons that arrive at the detector are often associated with ballistic transmission, whilst the later photons are associated with complex paths due to multiple independent scattering events and are therefore typically considered to be detrimental to the final image formation process. In this work we report on the importance of these highly diffuse, "late" photons for computational time-of-flight diffuse optical imaging. In thick scattering materials, > 80 transport mean free paths, we provide evidence that including late photons in the inverse retrieval enhances the image reconstruction quality. We also show that the late photons alone have sufficient information to retrieve images of a similar quality to early photon gated data. This result emphasises the importance in the strongly diffusive regime discussed here, of fully time-resolved imaging techniques.

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Ballistic imaging of biological media with collimated illumination and focal plane detection

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Study of a simple model for the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes in diffusive media

Study of a simple model for the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes in diffusive media

Role of late photons in diffuse optical imaging

The role of late photons in diffuse optical imaging

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