Ballistic imaging in the near-field of an effervescent spray

Linne, Mark; Sedarsky, David; Meyer, Terrence R.; Gord, James R.; Carter, Campbell

doi:10.1007/s00348-010-0883-3

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Figure 7 shows a single image frame of the raw, unprocessed simultaneous LIF and Mie scattering signal obtained from the diesel spray, which was captured on the high speed video camera. (27) The mean background subtracted image is represented as and is equal to − . is then split into two images of i, jϵ{0,1,2 … ,512} namely, and respectively.…”

Section: External Spray Drop-sizing Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnostics that are suitable for an experimental investigation into primary and secondary atomization in idealized diesel sprays include phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) [20], laser Mie scattering [21], laser induced fluorescence (LIF) [22], laser sheet dropsizing (LSD, combined LIF/Mie scattering) [23 -25], structured illumination planar laser imaging (SLIPI, an extension of LSD) [26], ballistic imaging [27], and ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Optical Characterization of Atomization in Non-Evaporating Diesel Sprays

Lockett

Jeshani

Makri

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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High-speed planar laser Mie scattering and Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) was employed for the determination of Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) distribution in non-evaporating diesel sprays. The effect of rail pressure, distillation profile, and consequent fuel viscosity on the drop size distribution developing during primary and secondary atomization was investigated.Samples of conventional crude-oil derived middle-distillate diesel and light distillate kerosene were delivered into an optically accessible mini-sac injector, using a customized high-pressure common rail diesel fuel injection system. Two optical channels were employed to capture images of elastic Mie and inelastic LIF scattering simultaneously on a high-speed video camera at 10 kHz.Results are presented for sprays obtained at maximum needle lift during the injection. These reveal that the emergent sprays exhibit axial asymmetry and vorticity. An increase in the rail pressure was observed to lead to finer atomization, with larger droplets observable in the neighbourhood of the central axis of the spray, decreasing with radius towards the spray boundaries. Finally, the light kerosene was observed to produce smaller droplets (as measured by Sauter mean diameter), relative to the conventional diesel, suggesting a correlation between distillation profile and viscosity, and mean spray droplet size.

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Section: External Spray Drop-sizing Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optical Characterization of Atomization in Non-Evaporating Diesel Sprays

Lockett

Jeshani

Makri

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…9, and in fact the two-drop results presented in Fig. 6 Smoothed images of a 10 lm drop inside a 100 lm X-ray beam using the 5-beam solution; a 5 lm spatial resolution, b 30 lm spatial resolution Linne et al (2010) imaged drops on the order of 100-120 lm well inside the flow. As a compromise, the drop sizes used for this simulation ranged between 10 and 50 lm.…”

Section: Sprays Produced By An Effervescent Injectormentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As described in reference (Linne et al 2010) (and in the citations of that article), an effervescent spray introduces bubbles of gas into the liquid flow inside the nozzle. In contrast to an air blast atomizer, it does not require large gas flow rates or unusually high gas pressure.…”

Section: Sprays Produced By An Effervescent Injectormentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This spray has been studied by X-ray phase contrast imaging (Lin et al 2008(Lin et al , 2010, holography (Sallam et al 2006;Lee et al 2009), and by ballistic imaging Linne et al 2010). It is the only spray that has been studied by all three techniques, although the design of the nozzle has evolved somewhat over time.…”

Section: Sprays Produced By An Effervescent Injectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of X-ray phase contrast imaging in atomizing sprays

Linne

2011

Exp Fluids

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Recent studies of spray-related flow fields using synchrotron-based X-ray phase contrast imaging have produced results that are sometimes straightforward to interpret in terms of the fluid structure, but in other cases the images do not reflect generally accepted physics of fluid motion. It has been unclear why some images have the appearance of a normal fluid stream while others depart significantly from expectation. The detailed numerical modeling presented here is meant to explain the images and resolve common questions about the technique. The simulations show that collimated X-ray beams will always contain signatures from every possible encounter, from the input plane to the exit plane, and these signatures generate overlapping phase contrast patterns that can prove at times impossible to interpret. Clouds of moderate-to large-size drops produce a complex, mottled X-ray phase contrast image indicating the presence of the cloud; but it is an image that cannot be interpreted further. Small drops generate something akin to one gray pixel image each, and their size is close to the resolution limit of the instrument, so the diffraction pattern is broadened by the instrument response into something more like a small diffuse blob. Dense clouds of small drops produce a composite image that is a fairly uniform gray mass indicating the presence of a drop cloud that cannot be interpreted further. Moreover, it is not possible to image intact liquid structures behind clouds of drops. Whenever a significant number of drops are present, therefore, X-ray phase contrast images are dominated by unavoidable artifacts of the technique. Sprays, by definition, consist of droplet clouds and this means that internal features in the spray formation region cannot be investigated using X-ray phase contrast imaging.

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Recent advances in hybridEulerian–Lagrangian description of atomization

et al. 2022

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Atomization of liquid fuel is a crucial process to energy utilization. A thorough understanding of the physics of liquid atomization is challenging to acquire but necessary. During the past decades, numerical simulation methods for atomization with interface capturing schemes have been developed rapidly. However, several remaining issues need to be highlighted, such as the minimum size of the droplet to capture, numerical mass defects, and others. Thus, those simulations have been mostly limited to the primary breakup process and cannot capture the huge number of tiny droplets during the secondary breakup process. In recent years, a Eulerian-Lagrangian description of atomization has been introduced for the multi-scale modelling of its whole process, in which the primary atomization process is treated in the Eulerian framework while the secondary atomization is treated in

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Ballistic imaging in the near-field of an effervescent spray

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

An Optical Characterization of Atomization in Non-Evaporating Diesel Sprays

An Optical Characterization of Atomization in Non-Evaporating Diesel Sprays

Analysis of X-ray phase contrast imaging in atomizing sprays

Recent advances in hybridEulerian–Lagrangian description of atomization

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