Ballistic Ground Penetrating Radar Equipment for Blast-Exposed Security Applications

Lombardi, Federico; Lualdi, Maurizio; Picetti, Francesco; Bestagini, Paolo; Janszen, Gerardus; Landro, Luca Angelo Di

doi:10.3390/rs12040717

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Thus, a complex equation given by (1) in two real unknowns (ε rg and σ g ) is formulated. A constraint on the relation between the two unknowns is given by the ε-σ characteristic curve, expressed in (2), that uniquely characterizes the soil beneath the vegetation. In this way, a unique solution for ε rg and σ g can be obtained by minimizing δ F given by (10), and, then, the ε-σ characteristic curve can be used to uniquely determine the water content of the soil.…”

Section: A Estimation Of Electric Properties and Water Content Of The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Soil Electric Properties and Water Content Through PolSAR Target Decomposition

Ibrahim¹,

Bahnacy

Hussein

et al. 2023

ACES Journal

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A new method is proposed to recover the electric properties and water content of ground soil by applying the Target Decomposition (TD) theory for Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) images. The proposed method depends on the ϵ-σ characteristic curves of the soil which are unique for each soil type at a specific frequency. This method is examined for the clayey type soil which is found in most naturally vegetated land areas. Also, a novel method is developed for the realistic simulation of PolSAR images of natural lands, including forest regions, grasslands, and bare lands being prepared for gardens or crop cultivation. This method is based on the reverse of the PolSAR TD theory. The numerical results presented in this paper are concerned with the characterization of the most common type of clayey soil. Also, some of the numerical results presented in the present paper aim to achieve realistic PolSAR datasets using the inverse TD theory. Finally, some numerical results are presented for quantitative assessment of the method proposed to recover the properties and water content of the clayey soil using the datasets which are obtained through realistic simulations of forested areas, gardens, grasslands, and bare lands being prepared for cultivated plants. It is found, through the numerical investigations and quantitative assessment, that the dielectric constant, electric conductivity and water content of the investigated clayey types of soil are accurately estimated.

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Section: A Estimation Of Electric Properties and Water Content Of The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally the electric properties of the soil control propagation, attenuation, and reflection of electromagnetic waves. Under some soil conditions, the landmine signature is of high quality while under others no signature can be detected at all [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Soil Electric Properties and Water Content Through PolSAR Target Decomposition

Ibrahim¹,

Bahnacy

Hussein

et al. 2023

ACES Journal

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“…3 (a). The system has two 2GHz antennas that are polarised perpendicular to one another (HH and VV channels), allowing for simultaneous acquisition of polarimetric data [41]. The antenna configuration was shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Dual-polarised Gpr Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Inspection of Tree Trunks Using a Dual-Polarized Ground-Penetrating Radar System

Zou

Tosti

Alani

2022

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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In recent years, trees in European countries have been increasingly endangered by emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). In the United Kingdom, this has been observed to affect whole woodlands and forests, threatening the existence of some types of trees. Although quarantine measures have been taken to limit the spreading of such diseases, this has not yet been effectively controlled leading to millions of trees affected by EIDs. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has proven effective in identifying critical features on diseased trees for detection of EIDs spread. However, the irregular shape of tree trunks and their complex internal structure represent real challenges for conventional GPR measurements and signal processing methodologies. In this research, a dual-polarised GPR system is used to detect internal decay in tree trunks using novel signal processing methodologies. A polarisation correlation filter based on Bragg Scattering on a 3D Pauli feature vector and an arcshaped Kirchhoff migration are discussed in detail. The proposed polarisation correlation filter is utilised to enhance the signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) of B-scans due to bark and tree trunk high-loss properties of tree trunks. Meanwhile, an arc-shaped Kirchhoff migration algorithm is performed to counteract the influence of the bark irregularity. The proposed data processing framework is successfully validated with measurements on a real tree trunk, where cross-sections were subsequently cut for comparison purposes. Outcomes from the proposed methodology demonstrate a high consistency with the features observed on the tree trunk cross-sections, indicating the reliability of the proposed detection scheme for assessing tree-decay associated with EIDs.

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“…Non-invasive detection of buried objects can be conducted using different techniques, such as ultrasound, magnetic induction (metal detectors), and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). The latter is suitable to detect either metallic or non-metallic targets [1], making it appropriate for infrastructure inspection [2,3], archaeological survey [4], material characterization [5] or landmine and Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) detection [6,7].…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Validation of a Hybrid Forward-Looking Down-Looking Ground Penetrating Radar Architecture

et al. 2021

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Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has proved to be a successful technique for the detection of landmines and Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) buried in the ground. In the last years, novel architectures for safe and fast detection, such as those based on GPR systems onboard Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), have been proposed. Furthermore, improvements in GPR hardware and signal processing techniques have resulted in a more efficient detection. This contribution presents an experimental validation of a hybrid Forward-Looking–Down-Looking GPR architecture. The main goal of this architecture is to combine advantages of both GPR architectures: reduction of clutter coming from the ground surface in the case of Forward-Looking GPR (FLGPR), and greater dynamic range in the case of Down-Looking GPR (DLGPR). Compact radar modules working in the lower SHF frequency band have been used for the validation of the hybrid architecture, which involved realistic targets.

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Ballistic Ground Penetrating Radar Equipment for Blast-Exposed Security Applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Estimation of Soil Electric Properties and Water Content Through PolSAR Target Decomposition

Estimation of Soil Electric Properties and Water Content Through PolSAR Target Decomposition

Nondestructive Inspection of Tree Trunks Using a Dual-Polarized Ground-Penetrating Radar System

Analysis and Validation of a Hybrid Forward-Looking Down-Looking Ground Penetrating Radar Architecture

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