Ball bearing defect models: A study of simulated and experimental fault signatures

Mishra, C.; Samantaray, Arun Kumar; Chakraborty, Goutam

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2017.04.010

Cited by 111 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Graph-matching refers to the methodologies and the algorithms that compare two or more graphs numerically to determine the degree of similarity between their attributes [17]. In the context of fault detection and diagnosis, a fault signature may be defined as a distinct set of attributes that are expressed on a numerical basis for a fault scenario that uniquely identifies a specific operating condition under which a system is operational [32]. Graph-matching will be used in this work to aid in the compilation of fault signatures for different fault scenario.…”

Section: Graph-matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy Graph-Based Approach to Fault Diagnosis of a Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this paper is to describe an energy-based approach to visualize, identify, and monitor faults that may occur in a water-to-water transcritical CO 2 heat pump system. A representation using energy attributes allows the abstraction of all physical phenomena present during operation into a compact and easily interpretable form. The use of a linear graph representation, with heat pump components represented as nodes and energy interactions as links, is investigated. Node signature matrices are used to present the energy information in a compact mathematical form. The resulting node signature matrix is referred to as an attributed graph and is populated in such a way as to retain the structural information, i.e., where the attribute points to in the physical system. To generate the energy and exergy information for the compilation of the attributed graphs, a descriptive thermal-fluid model of the heat pump system is developed. The thermal-fluid model is based on the specifications of and validated to the actual behavioral characteristics of a physical transcritical CO 2 heat pump test facility. As a first step to graph-matching, cost matrices are generated to represent a characteristic residual between a normal system node signature matrix and a faulty system node signature matrix. The variation in the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the characteristic cost matrices from normal conditions to a fault condition was used for fault characterization. Three faults, namely refrigerant leakage, compressor failure and gas cooler fouling, were considered. The paper only aims to introduce an approach, with the scope limited to illustration at one operating point and considers only three relatively large faults. The results of the proposed method show promise and warrant further work to evaluate its sensitivity and robustness for small faults.Energies 2020, 13, 1783 2 of 34 Zogg also refers to a field survey [2] that indicates that the average energetic efficiencies of the heat pumps installed in Swiss buildings were about 10% lower than the efficiencies measured under standard laboratory conditions. It was also found that for some installations the performance degradation was as high as 30%. A similar study in the United States of over 55,000 air conditioning units showed that more than 90% were operating with one or more kinds of faults [3]. Yet another study surveying roof-top units indicates an operating efficiency of 80% of designed performance with 63% of these units having performance degradation due to refrigerant leakage [4]. These observations motivate the need for diagnostic techniques which ideally can monitor these energy conversion systems during transient and steady-state operating conditions.In the review papers by Zhao et al., and Shi and O'Brien [5,6] the classification of fault detection methods for energy systems are presented. Fault detection methods can be classified into two subcategories: data-based and knowledge-based. The knowledge-based methods rely on domain and prior knowledge to deri...

show abstract

Section: Graph-matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy Graph-Based Approach to Fault Diagnosis of a Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Two different types of bearing, N205 cylindrical roller bearing and SKF 6205 deep groove ball bearing are employed in the experiments. The calculated bearing defect characteristic frequencies [9], ball pass frequency of the outer race (BPFO) and ball pass frequency of the inner race (BPFI) of the two experimental bearings are given in Table 1.…”

Section: Frequency Loss In the Bearing Vibration Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a rolling element moves over a damaged surface, it generates an impulsive force and excites resonances in the bearing and machine. The period of the impulses or characteristic frequency can be calculated, according to the rotating velocity, position of faults and bearing dimensions [9]. However, the bearing fault signals are almost always masked by background noise [10] and the defect frequency identification from direct vibration signals becomes difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Loss and Recovery in Rolling Bearing Fault Detection

Xiang

et al. 2019

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rolling element bearings are key components of mechanical equipment. The bearing fault characteristics are affected by the interaction in the vibration signals. The low harmonics of the bearing characteristic frequencies cannot be usually observed in the Fourier spectrum. The frequency loss in the bearing vibration signal is presented through two independent experiments in this paper. The existence of frequency loss phenomenon in the low frequencies, side band frequencies and resonant frequencies and revealed. It is demonstrated that the lost frequencies are actually suppressed by the internal action in the bearing fault signal rather than the external interference. The amplitude and distribution of the spectrum are changed due to the interaction of the bearing fault signal. The interaction mechanism of bearing fault signal is revealed through theoretical and practical analysis. Based on mathematical morphology, a new method is provided to recover the lost frequencies. The multi-resonant response signal of the defective bearing are decomposed into low frequency and high frequency response, and the lost frequencies are recovered by the combination morphological filter (CMF). The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated on simulated and experimental data.

show abstract

“…The sinking depth of the ball in defect area is shown in Figure 1. The model in Figure 1(a) is the traditional model; [7][8][9][10][11][15][16][17] used this model. However, all the sinking depths of the balls in Figure 1 are possible in the proposed model; the sinking depth is affected by the applied load.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Contact Process Between The Ball And Defect mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This model used a simple localized defect model with a rigidly defect depth, and the defect depth is also regarded as the variation of the contact deformation when the balls pass over the defect. Mishra et al [16] proposed three different ball bearing defect models, a 5-DOF vibration model developed in MATLAB Simulink, a multibody dynamics model using bond graph by SYMBOLS software, and a multibody CAD model using ADAMS software. The simulated and the experimental vibration signals of different bearing faults are also compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Vibration Model of Ball Bearings with a Localized Defect Based on the Hertzian Contact Stress Distribution

Kong

Huang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Shock and Vibration

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To study the vibration mechanism of ball bearings with localized defects, a vibration model of a ball bearing based on the Hertzian contact stress distribution is proposed to predict the contact force and vibration response caused by a localized defect. The calculation of the ball-raceway contact force when the ball passes over the defect is key to establishing a defect vibration model. Hertzian contact theory indicates that the contact area between the ball and the raceway is an elliptical contact surface; therefore, a new approach is used to calculate the ball-raceway contact force in the defect area based on the stress distribution and the contact area. The relative motion between the inner ring, the outer ring, and the balls is considered in the proposed model, and the Runge-Kutta algorithm is used to solve the vibration equations. In addition, vibration experiments of a bearing with an outer ring defect under different loads are performed. The numerical signals and experimental signals are compared in the time and frequency domains, and good correspondence between the numerical and experimental results is observed. Comparisons between the traditional model and the proposed model reveal that the proposed model provides more reasonable results.

show abstract

Ball bearing defect models: A study of simulated and experimental fault signatures

Cited by 111 publications

References 20 publications

An Energy Graph-Based Approach to Fault Diagnosis of a Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump

An Energy Graph-Based Approach to Fault Diagnosis of a Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump

Frequency Loss and Recovery in Rolling Bearing Fault Detection

A Vibration Model of Ball Bearings with a Localized Defect Based on the Hertzian Contact Stress Distribution

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About