Baldcypress and water tupelo responses to insect defoliation and nutrient augmentation in Maurepas Swamp, Louisiana, USA

Effler, Rebecca S.; Goyer, Richard A.; Lenhard, Gerald J.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.09.014

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For all species studied it had a positive effect on growth. Positive effects of fertilization have been shown for a number of other restoration studies in distinct wetlands (Pezeshki et al 2000;Sweeney et al 2002;Feller et al 2003;Effler et al 2006). Thus, although some exceptions have been reported (e.g., McLeod 2000), this forestry practice is recommended for restoration initiatives in coastal Brazilian swamps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Restoration of a coastal swamp forest in southeast Brazil

Zamith

Scarano

2010

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Restoration of degraded swamps often requires strong human intervention because of their fragility. In Brazil, coastal swamp forests are now much reduced by anthropogenic action. This paper investigates survival and growth performance of nine native shrub and tree species introduced into a degraded swamp invaded by exotic grasses and sedges in coastal Rio de Janeiro. Our central aim was to evaluate which species were more appropriate for use in initial stages of revegetation. Additionally, in separate field experiments, we tested statistical hypotheses that higher survival and growth performance would be found for seedlings: (a) taller in height, (b) subjected to shorter duration of flooding, and (c) planted with addition of organic matter inside the planting holes. Results were analyzed after 3 years of planting. ''Planting in mounds'', and a consequent reduction on the flooding period plants are exposed to, increased survival and growth. The use of taller seedlings often increased survival, and organic matter addition increased growth. Three (Myrsine rubra, Tabebuia cassinoides, and Calyptranthes brasiliensis) out of nine species tested showed high growth-and use-viability indices, and were therefore indicated for use in revegetation programs. Interspecific variation as regards responses to the treatments applied suggests that in the future, species evaluated for this purpose, should be examined on a case-by-case basis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Restoration of a coastal swamp forest in southeast Brazil

Zamith

Scarano

2010

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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“…Field experiments throughout the Maurepas swamps, furthermore, indicated that the aboveground biomass production of herbaceous vegetation (Parsons, 2002;Shaffer et al, in press) and the growth of T. distichum seedlings (Greene, 1994;Myers et al, 1995;Boshart, 1997) and mature T. distichum trees (Effler et al, 2006) could be enhanced greatly through nutrient augmentation. Concurrently, salt water intrudes into the Maurepas basin during the fall months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wetland elevations generally range from 0.30 to 0.55 m (NAVD88) (Day et al, 2004), with the notable exception of relict man-made structures such as canal spoil banks and abandoned railroad tracks. The swamps in this region are impacted by saltwater intrusion and elevated levels of subsidence (Pezeshki et al, 1987) and experience a lack of sediment and nutrient input (Shaffer et al, 2001;Lane et al, 2003;Effler et al, 2006). In addition, tree recruitment is limited severely by the introduced nutria (Myocastor coypus) (Myers et al, 1995;Beville, 2002), and in many areas of the swamp T. distichum and N. aquatica are defoliated annually by outbreaks of baldcypress leafrollers (Archips goyerana) and forest tent caterpillars (Malacosoma disstria), respectively (Effler et al, 2006;Fox, 2006).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive monitoring, experimental, and modeling studies were undertaken to assess the restoration need of these forested wetlands and to evaluate likely swamp responses to the implementation of a restoration diversion from the Mississippi River (Beville, 2002;Parsons, 2002;Lane et al, 2003;Shaffer et al, 2003, in press;Day et al, 2004;Effler et al, 2006Effler et al, , 2007. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify and compare the species composition and structure, tree mortality, annual aboveground net primary production (ANPP), and biomass allocation among different areas within the swamps of the Lake Pontchartrain Basin and (2) to infer causal gradients of swamp decline and stress along salinity gradients and gradients of flooding and flow (i.e., edge versus interior swamps).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Through droughts and hurricanes: Tree mortality, forest structure, and biomass production in a coastal swamp targeted for restoration in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain

Hoeppner

Shaffer

Perkins

2008

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…There have been numerous studies showing either increased growth or no effect on baldcypress that are exposed to high nutrient concentrations. Effler et al [54] found increased growth rates in the Maurepas sub-basin for trees given nutrient amendments. Similar growth increases also have been reported for other wetlands [55][56][57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Decline of the Maurepas Swamp, Pontchartrain Basin, Louisiana, and Approaches to Restoration

Shaffer

Day

Kandalepas

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:The Maurepas swamp is the second largest contiguous coastal forest in Louisiana but it is highly degraded due to subsidence, near permanent flooding, nutrient starvation, nutria herbivory, and saltwater intrusion. Observed tree mortality rates at study sites in the Maurepas swamp are very high (up to 100% tree mortality in 11 years) and basal area decreased with average salinities of <1 ppt. Habitat classification, vegetation productivity and mortality, and surface elevation changes show a clear trajectory from stagnant, nearly permanently flooded forests with broken canopy to degraded forests with sparse baldcypress and dominated by herbaceous species and open water to open water habitat for most of the Maurepas swamp without introduction of fresh water to combat saltwater intrusion and stimulate productivity and accretion. Healthy forests in the Maurepas are receiving fresh water containing nutrients and sediments from urban areas, high quality river water, or secondarily treated municipal effluent. Currently, two proposed diversions into the swamp are via Hope Canal (57 m 3¨s´1 ) and Blind River (142 m 3¨s´1 ). These diversions would greatly benefit their immediate area but they are too small to influence the entire Maurepas sub-basin, especially in terms of accretion. A large diversion (>1422 m 3¨s´1 ) is needed to deliver the adequate sediments to achieve high accretion rates and stimulate organic soil formation.

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Baldcypress and water tupelo responses to insect defoliation and nutrient augmentation in Maurepas Swamp, Louisiana, USA

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Restoration of a coastal swamp forest in southeast Brazil

Restoration of a coastal swamp forest in southeast Brazil

Through droughts and hurricanes: Tree mortality, forest structure, and biomass production in a coastal swamp targeted for restoration in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain

Decline of the Maurepas Swamp, Pontchartrain Basin, Louisiana, and Approaches to Restoration

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