Balancing effluent quality, economic cost and greenhouse gas emissions during the evaluation of (plant-wide) control/operational strategies in WWTPs

Greenhouse gases from wastewater treatment — A review of modelling tools

“…However, despite early efforts towards the integration of established activated sludge models (Henze et al, 2000) with GHG models (Batstone et al, 2002;Hiatt and Grady, 2008;Ni et al, 2013aNi et al, , 2013bMampaey et al, 2013;Guo and Vanrolleghem, 2014), few studies have discussed the benefits (in terms of reducing the GHG emissions coupled with the limitation of other pollutants from WWTPs) of applying GHG model at the plant-wide scale (Gori et al, 2011;Sweetapple et al, 2013;Flores-Alsina et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2015a).…”

Greenhouse gas emissions and the links to plant performance in a fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor – Pilot plant experimental evidence

“…During the last few years, the environmenhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.043 0960-8524/Ó 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. tal impacts associated with the wastewater treatment have been broadened and the ''air" has been included as new target together with the ''water" and ''soil" (Flores-Alsina et al, 2014). It has already recognized that wastewater treatment can result in direct emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), mainly due to the biological processes (Gupta and Singh, 2012;Massara et al, 2017).…”

“…It has already recognized that wastewater treatment can result in direct emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), mainly due to the biological processes (Gupta and Singh, 2012;Massara et al, 2017). WWTPs are also responsible for indirect emissions related to power generation, chemicals manufacturing and sludge disposal (Fine and Hadas, 2012;Flores-Alsina et al, 2014;Mannina et al, 2016a). Therefore, GHGs emissions have to be considered, in addition to effluent quality and operational costs, when comparing design alternatives or operation scenarios (Guo et al, 2016).…”

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Plants on a Plantwide Scale: Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis

“…All of these models have provided a valuable contribution to the understanding of how to reduce the GHG emission from WWTPs. Plantwide mathematical models may help the understanding of the effect of operational parameters on GHG emission and can be used to develop strategies aimed at reducing GHG emission and improving environmental protection (Flores-Alsina et al 2014). In fact, a plantwide modeling approach that includes GHG emission as state variables enhances the overall sustainability of the process control or operational strategies (Flores-Alsina et al 2014).…”