Balance between clinical and environmental responses to infectious diseases

Remais, Justin V.; Eisenberg, Joseph N.S.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61227-0

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…65 Recently, some have argued that more attention must be paid to prevention of certain IDs, where, for instance, environmental interventions can reduce the need for clinical care. 66 These arguments resonate strongly with similar calls for NCD prevention measures that take a structural approach, especially those outside the health sector. 10,65 Strategies for intervention should consider underlying risk factors applicable for both ID and NCDs, such as demographic and environmental factors, and screening high-risk individuals for both IDs and NCDs could help to guide treatment and long-term follow-up.…”

Section: Importance Of Preventionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Convergence of non-communicable and infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries

Remais

Zeng

et al. 2012

International Journal of Epidemiology

198

179

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The convergence of non-communicable disease (NCD) and infectious disease (ID) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) presents new challenges and new opportunities to enact responsive changes in policy and research. Most LMICs have significant dual disease burdens of NCDs such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer, and IDs including tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and parasitic diseases. A combined strategy is needed in surveillance and disease control; yet, experts, institutions and policies that support prevention and control of these two overarching disease categories have limited interaction and alignment. NCDs and IDs share common features, such as long-term care needs and overlapping high-risk populations, and there are also notable direct interactions, such as the association between certain IDs and cancers, as well as evidence of increased susceptibility to IDs in individuals with NCDs. Enhanced simultaneous surveillance of NCD and ID comorbidity in LMIC populations would generate the empirical data needed to better understand the dual burden, and to target coordinated care. Where IDs and NCDs are endemic, focusing on vulnerable populations by strengthening social protections and improving access to health services is crucial, as is the re-alignment of efforts to combine NCD and ID screening, treatment programmes, and the assessment of their impact. Integrating public health activities for ID and NCD should extend beyond health care services to prevention, which is widely seen as crucial to successful NCD and ID control campaigns alike. The convergence of NCD and ID in LMICs has the potential to overstretch already strained health systems. With some LMICs now focused on major health system reforms, a unique opportunity is available to address NCD and ID challenges with newfound urgency and novel approaches.

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Section: Importance Of Preventionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Convergence of non-communicable and infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries

Remais

Zeng

et al. 2012

International Journal of Epidemiology

198

179

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“…Most of the two and a half billion dollars disbursed each year to treat and control neglected tropical diseases [96, 97] is directed toward mass drug administration. Although treatment has been effective, control has not, because there is not enough praziquantel to reach all 800 million people at risk today and drugs, alone, cannot address the environmental components of transmission [98, 99]. Coupling drug delivery with snail control has proven effective in the past, and seems the most cost effective option for the future global fight against schistosomiasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Reduce the Global Burden of Human Schistosomiasis, Use ‘Old Fashioned’ Snail Control

Sokolow

Wood

Jones

et al. 2018

Trends in Parasitology

101

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Control strategies to reduce human schistosomiasis have evolved from 'snail picking' campaigns, a century ago, to modern wide-scale human treatment campaigns, or preventive chemotherapy. Unfortunately, despite the rise in preventive chemotherapy campaigns, just as many people suffer from schistosomiasis today as they did 50 years ago. Snail control can complement preventive chemotherapy by reducing the risk of transmission from snails to humans. Here, we present ideas for modernizing and scaling up snail control, including spatiotemporal targeting, environmental diagnostics, better molluscicides, new technologies (e.g., gene drive), and 'outside the box' strategies such as natural enemies, traps, and repellants. We conclude that, to achieve the World Health Assembly's stated goal to eliminate schistosomiasis, it is time to give snail control another look.

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“…These campaigns have succeeded in reducing global morbidity due to helminth infections. However MDA is unlikely to break cycles of STH transmission unless coupled with environmental measures to interrupt acquisition of new infections [4-6]. This is in part because STH ova are extremely resistant to environmental stressors, and may survive for years in soils [7].…”

Section: Environmental Detection Of Soil-transmitted Helminths For Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Quantification of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Environmental Media: Current Techniques and Recent Advances

Collender

Kirby

Addiss

et al. 2015

Trends in Parasitology

100

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Limiting the environmental transmission of soil-transmitted helminths (STH), which infect 1.5 billion people worldwide, will require sensitive, reliable, and cost effective methods to detect and quantify STH in the environment. We review the state of the art of STH quantification in soil, biosolids, water, produce, and vegetation with respect to four major methodological issues: environmental sampling; recovery of STH from environmental matrices; quantification of recovered STH; and viability assessment of STH ova. We conclude that methods for sampling and recovering STH require substantial advances to provide reliable measurements for STH control. Recent innovations in the use of automated image identification and developments in molecular genetic assays offer considerable promise for improving quantification and viability assessment.

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Balance between clinical and environmental responses to infectious diseases

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Convergence of non-communicable and infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries

Convergence of non-communicable and infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries

To Reduce the Global Burden of Human Schistosomiasis, Use ‘Old Fashioned’ Snail Control

Methods for Quantification of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Environmental Media: Current Techniques and Recent Advances

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