“…Moreover, BDNF is associated with numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, addiction, and various neurodevelopmental conditions ( Autry and Monteggia, 2012 ; Wang et al, 2022 ). In recent years the functions of BDNF have been demonstrated in various non-neural tissues, including the heart ( Donovan et al, 2000 ; Fulgenzi et al, 2015 ; Li et al, 2022 ), lung ( Paris et al, 2020 ), skin ( Rutlin et al, 2014 ), mammary gland ( Liu et al, 2012 ; Sar Shalom et al, 2019 ), and skeletal muscle ( Delezie et al, 2019 ; Ahuja et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, BDNF regulates blood insulin levels ( Yang et al, 2019 ; Fulgenzi et al, 2020 ), and BDNF signaling is important in kidney development ( García-Suárez et al, 2006 ; Endlich et al, 2018 ) and serves as a potential marker for chronic kidney disease ( Afsar and Afsar, 2022 ).…”