BALAdIN for blockchain-based 5G networks

Messie, Vincent; Fromentoux, Gaël; Marjou, Xavier; Omnès, Nathalie

doi:10.1109/icin.2019.8685867

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, frontier technologies such as solar photovoltaic energy are providing greater access to power in remote areas (UNCTAD, 2021), while next generation access (NGA) technologies such as 5G and artificial intelligence are dramatically increasing the availability and quality of broadband access. Furthermore, blockchain technologies are being deployed to enable distributed and shared broadband (Messié et al, 2019;Haleem et al, 2018).…”

Section: What Is Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Infrastructure for Digital Connectivity

et al. 2022

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This chapter provides an overview of the growing body of evidence that now documents the positive impact of infrastructure for digital connectivity, as policymakers seek to harness its potential to drive economic development and improve standards of living. However, significant challenges continue to impede the delivery of comprehensive digital connectivity across all social groups and geographical contexts. As ever greater technological advances continue to shape our everyday lives, policymakers must ensure that the existing social and economic digital divide is not exacerbated. This chapter defines infrastructure for digital connectivity, as well as key concepts and terms. This is followed by a review of the economic impact of infrastructure for digital connectivity, most notably broadband, and a discussion of free and municipal Wi-Fi and rural digital hubs. The chapter concludes with an overview of how digital connectivity is measured in international frameworks and composite indices for measuring digital society and the digital economy.

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Section: What Is Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Infrastructure for Digital Connectivity

et al. 2022

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“…To improve network density and reduce the cost of deployment for the network operators, a Blockchain-based access network is proposed for improving the connectivity for the end user [97]. It involves the use of local actors (someone willing to deploy access nodes) that are rewarded by the network operators.…”

Section: ) Network Access Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Application of Blockchain in 5G and Beyond Networks: Taxonomy, Field-Trials, Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2020

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Until now, every evolution of communication standard was driven by the need for providing high-speed connectivity to the end-user. However, 5G marks a radical shift from this focus as 5G and beyond networks are being designed to be future-proof by catering to diverse requirements of several use cases. These requirements include Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications, Massive Machine-Type Communications and Enhanced Mobile Broadband. To realize such features in 5G and beyond, there is a need to rethink how current cellular networks are deployed because designing new radio access technologies and utilizing the new spectrum are not enough. Several technologies, such as software-defined networking, network function virtualization, machine learning and cloud computing, are being integrated into the 5G networks to fulfil the need for diverse requirements. These technologies, however, give rise to several challenges associated with decentralization, transparency, interoperability, privacy and security. To address these issues, Blockchain has emerged as a potential solution due to its capabilities such as transparency, data encryption, auditability, immutability and distributed architecture. In this paper, we review the state-of-art application of Blockchain in 5G network and explore how it can facilitate enabling technologies of 5G and beyond to enable various services at the front-haul, edge and the core. Based on the review, we present a taxonomy of Blockchain application in 5G networks and discuss several issues that can be solved using Blockchain integration. We then present various field-trials and Proof of concept that are using Blockchain to address the challenges faced in the current 5G deployment. Finally, we discuss various challenges that need to be addressed to realize the full potential of Blockchain in beyond 5G networks. The survey presents a broad range of ideas related to Blockchain integration in 5G and beyond networks that address issues such as interoperability, security, mobility, resource allocation, resource sharing and management, energy efficiency and other desirable features.

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“…Blockchain can be used for secure 5G network sharing scenarios [74], e.g., multiple 5G network operators can extend and collaborate among roaming end-users and incentivizes local businesses and other actors to densify and extend the 5G coverage. Blockchain ledger can be used to store the proof of bandwidth and other types of 5G network resource usage, traffic flow and accounting.…”

Section: Security Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Short- and Long-Term Disruptions and Transformative Impacts of 5G and Beyond Wireless Networks: Lessons Learnt From the Development of a 5G Testbed Environment

et al. 2020

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The capacity and coverage requirements for 5G and beyond wireless connectivity will be significantly different from the predecessor networks. To meet these requirements, the anticipated deployment cost in the UK is predicted to be in between £30bn-£50bn, whereas the current annual capital expenditure (CapEX) of the mobile network operators (MNOs) is £2.5bn. This prospect has vastly impacted and has become one of the major delaying factors for building the 5G physical infrastructure, whereas other areas of 5G developments are progressing at their speeds. Due to the expensive and complicated nature of the physical network infrastructure and spectrum, the second-tier operators, widely known as mobile virtual network operators (MVNO), are entirely dependent on the MNOs. In this paper, an extensive study is conducted to explore the possibilities of reducing the 5G deployment cost and developing business models. This study suggests that the use of existing public infrastructure (e.g., streetlights, telephone poles, etc.) has a great potential to contribute to a reduction of about 40% to 60% anticipated cost for the 5G network. This paper also reviews the recent Ofcom initiatives to release location-based licenses of the 5G-compatible radio spectrum at a nominal cost. Our study suggests that simplification of infrastructure and spectrum will encourage the exponential growth of scenario-specific cellular networks and will potentially disrupt the current business models of telecommunication business stakeholders -specifically MNOs and TowerCos. These scenario-specific networks are expected to be: a) private networks, b) community networks, and c) microoperators. Furthermore, due to the feasibility of dense device connectivity with 5G, the resolution of traditional and nontraditional data availability will increase significantly. This will encourage extensive data harvesting as a business opportunity and function within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as within large social networks. Consequently, the rise of new infrastructures and spectrum stakeholders is anticipated. This will fuel the development of a 5G data exchange ecosystem where data transactions are deemed to be high-value business commodities. The privacy and security of such data, as well as definitions of the associated revenue models and ownership, are challenging areas -and these have yet to emerge and mature fully. In this direction, this paper proposes the development of a unified data hub with layered structured privacy and security along with blockchain and encrypted off-chain based ownership/royalty

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BALAdIN for blockchain-based 5G networks

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Infrastructure for Digital Connectivity

Infrastructure for Digital Connectivity

A Review on Application of Blockchain in 5G and Beyond Networks: Taxonomy, Field-Trials, Challenges and Opportunities

The Potential Short- and Long-Term Disruptions and Transformative Impacts of 5G and Beyond Wireless Networks: Lessons Learnt From the Development of a 5G Testbed Environment

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