Bad Data Suppression in Power System Static State Estimation

Unidentifiable Attacks in Electric Power Systems

“…This illustrates that the IBE method cannot identify the interacting bad measurements as mentioned in previous work, such as [3]- [7]. Neither can other bad data detection methods, such as NQC, HIT and COI mentioned in Section II, as explained in Section V-C. Next we apply Alg.…”

“…Bad measurements can induce the control center to obtain wrong state estimates and result in severe consequences. Researchers have developed lots of approaches on bad data detection and identification since 1970's, such as Identification By Elimination (IBE) [1], [2], Non-Quadratic Criteria (NQC) [3], Hypothesis Testing Identification (HTI) [4], Combinatorial Optimization Identification (COI) [5]- [7]. An early comparative study of the first three approaches can be found in [12].…”

“…Consider a power system in AC mode, there are four meters on each transmission line, with two at each end of the line, one for real power flow, the other for reactive power flow; and there are two injection meters on each bus, one for real power and the other for reactive power. To produce the above attack, the attacker has to compromise more than 2/3 of all meters 3 . If the attacker has that much attack resources, he may be able to launch an undetectable attack which may produce larger damages and hence he may not have the incentive to launch an unidentifiable attack.…”

“…2-4). Suppose there are |R| meters in the located attack region R, then the complexity is O( |R| r ), which is much smaller than that of brute-force search, given 3 For a n bus system with |T | branches, there are 2n + 4|T | meters. The attack has to compromise a portion of…”

A framework for estimation of power systems based on synchronized phasor measurement data

“…Currently SEs use the Intercontrol Center Communications Protocol (ICCP) gathering asynchronously fed data with an arrival rate of 1 sample per 4-10 seconds. Even though there have been great efforts to improve the the detection of bad data and topology errors [2], [3], [5], there is still a need to provide better bad data detection and more accurate models for the external systems. With the advancement of synchrophasor technology there has been interests to use Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) measurements to enhance the estimates provided by SEs used in control centers [6].…”