Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes - how captivity changes the gut microbiome composition and diversity in a social subterranean rodent

Bensch, Hanna M.; Tolf, Conny; Waldenström, Jonas; Lundin, Daniel; Zöttl, Markus

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1732762/v1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Firmicutes, a phylum of bacteria, has been observed to have a heightened abundance in domesticated animals. This observation has been made in various animal species, including mice (Ley et al, 2005), sifakas (Bensch et al, 2023), social subterranean rodents (Bensch et al, 2022), Tibetan sheep (Lv et al, 2021), ruminants (Faniyi et al, 2019), rabbits, and guinea pigs(Crowley et al, 2017).…”

Section: Compositional Chnagementioning

confidence: 96%

From the Wild to the City: How Domestication and Urbanization Reshape Animal Gut Microbiome

Das,

Das

2023

Preprint

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This review explores the profound effects of domestication and urbanization on the gut microbiota of animals. It delves into the complex interplay between these two processes and their transformative impact on the microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tracts of a wide range of species. Domestication, the centuries-old practice of taming and breeding animals for human use, has led to significant shifts in the gut microbiomes of domesticated animals. This shift is a result of altered diets, living conditions, and reduced exposure to natural environments. The paper examines the consequences of these changes on animal health, behavior, and their adaptation to domestic life. Conversely, urbanization, characterized by the rapid expansion of cities and human habitats, has driven wild animals to adapt to urban environments. This review investigates how the urban landscape, pollution, and dietary changes reshape the gut microbiomes of urban wildlife. It explores the potential implications of these alterations on the animals’ resilience to urban stressors and disease. Drawing parallels between domestication and urbanization, the paper reveals intriguing similarities and differences in gut microbiome transformations across various species. It also assesses the broader implications of these shifts on ecological dynamics, zoonotic disease transmission, and the potential for microbial interactions between domesticated animals, urban wildlife, and humans. Ultimately, this review consolidates current knowledge on the topic, shedding light on the shared mechanisms and unique adaptations that drive microbial changes in animals undergoing domestication and those adapting to urban environments. It concludes with a discussion of the implications for animal conservation, animal-human interactions, and the One Health perspective, emphasizing the importance of understanding these intricate icrobial relationships in our ever-changing world. By enhancing our comprehension of these complex dynamics, this paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge that informs our coexistence with the animals we share our lives and cities with, highlighting the critical role of gut microbiota in these processes.

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Section: Compositional Chnagementioning

confidence: 96%

From the Wild to the City: How Domestication and Urbanization Reshape Animal Gut Microbiome

Das,

Das

2023

Preprint

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“…Microbiome community compositions vary from individual to individual. The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes dominate the gut region of captive and wild rodents, accounting for approximately >80% of their abundance (Bensch et al, 2023). In contrast, the human microbiota mainly comprises Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Fusobacteria, Tenericutes, Spirochetes, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the intestinal microbiome in Rattus norvegicus from different geographies

Shah,

Hou,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Rat species Rattus norvegicus, also known as the brown street rat, is the most abundant mammal after humans in urban areas, where they co-exist with humans and domestic animals. The reservoir role of R. norvegicus of zoonotic pathogens in cities among rodent-borne diseases that could endanger the lives of humans and other mammals. Therefore, understanding the normal microbiome of R. norvegicus is crucial for understanding and preventing zoonotic pathogen transmission to humans and animals. We investigated the intestinal microbiome of free-living R. norvegicus collected from the Ruili, Nujiang, and Lianhe regions of Yunnan, China, using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were abundant in the intestines of R. norvegicus; however, bacterial compositions varied significantly between samples from different locations. Following a similar trend, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Clostridia were among the top bacterial classes in most intestinal samples. The situation differed slightly for the Lianhe and Nujiang samples, although Phyla Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota were most prevalent. The Alpha diversity, Chao1, and Simpson indexes revealed microbial richness among the R. norvegicus samples. A slight variation was observed among the samples collected from Ruili, Nujiang, and Lianhe. At species levels, several opportunistic and zoonotic bacterial pathogens, including Lactococcus garvieae, Uruburuella suis, Bartonella australis, Clostridium perfringens, Streptococcus azizii, Vibrio vulnificus, etc., were revealed in the R. norvegicus intestines, implying the need for a regular survey to monitor and control rodent populations. In conclusion, we explored diverse microbial communities in R. norvegicus intestines captured from different regions. Further, we identified several opportunistic and potential bacterial pathogens, which still need to be tested for their underlying pathogenesis. The findings of our current study should be considered a warning to the health authorities to implement rat control and surveillance strategies globally.

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Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes - how captivity changes the gut microbiome composition and diversity in a social subterranean rodent

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

From the Wild to the City: How Domestication and Urbanization Reshape Animal Gut Microbiome

From the Wild to the City: How Domestication and Urbanization Reshape Animal Gut Microbiome

Comparative analysis of the intestinal microbiome in Rattus norvegicus from different geographies

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