Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 Modulates the Brain Reward Response to Reduce Binge Eating and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Agustí, Ana; Campillo, Isabel; Balzano, Tiziano; Benı́tez-Páez, Alfonso; López-Almela, Inmaculada; Romaní-Pérez, Marina; Forteza, Jerónimo; Felipo, Vicente; Avena, Nicole M.; Sanz, Yolanda

doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02462-2

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The role of probiotics for ED treatment is also a novel frontier in ED research. In rat models of binge eating and anxiety behaviour, the selective administration of Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 results in cessation of binge eating and a reduction in anxiety-behaviour [62]. Additionally, randomized control trial comparing the effects of probiotics vs. placebo on 60 adolescent inpatients (ages [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] with AN has been planned and the results will glean insight on how probiotics may influence weight gain, ED pathology, and neuropsychological symptoms in adolescents [63].…”

Section: Experimental Treatments Leveraging the Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

A critical analysis of eating disorders and the gut microbiome

2022

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The gut microbiota, also known as our “second brain” is an exciting frontier of research across a multitude of health domains. Gut microbes have been implicated in feeding behaviour and obesity, as well as mental health disorders including anxiety and depression, however their role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs) has only recently been considered. EDs are complex mental health conditions, shaped by a complicated interplay of factors. Perhaps due to an incomplete understanding of the etiology of EDs, treatment remains inadequate with affected individuals likely to face many relapses. The gut microbiota may be a missing piece in understanding the etiology of eating disorders, however more robust scientific inquiry is needed in the field before concrete conclusions can be made. In this spotlight paper, we critically evaluate what is known about the bi-directional relationship between gut microbes and biological processes that are implicated in the development and maintenance of EDs, including physiological functioning, hormones, neurotransmitters, the central nervous system, and the immune system. We outline limitations of current research, propose concrete steps to move the field forward and, hypothesize potential clinical implications of this research. Plain English summary Our gut is inhabited by millions of bacteria which have more recently been referred to as “our second brain”. In fact, these microbes are thought to play a role in ED behaviour, associated anxiety and depression, and even affect our weight. Recent research has dove into this field with promising findings that have the potential to be applied clinically to improve ED recovery. The present paper discusses what is known about the gut microbiome in relation to EDs and the promising implications that leveraging this knowledge, through fecal microbiome transplants, probiotics, and microbiome-directed supplemental foods, could have on ED treatment.

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Section: Experimental Treatments Leveraging the Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

A critical analysis of eating disorders and the gut microbiome

2022

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“…Specifically, microbiota transfer from RYGB patients to metabolic syndrome individuals increased striatal DAT binding and produced changes in microbe profile involved in dopamine synthesis pathways [ 174 ]. Further, administration of Bacteroides uniformis in a rat model of food addiction improved binge eating, an effect mediated by NAc dopamine and prefrontal cortex D1 and D2 receptors [ 175 ]. Finally, Akkermansia muciniphilia’s products (e.g., propionate) have been shown to modulate the mesolimbic dopaminergic signaling leading to reduced dopamine release in NAc shell [ 176 ].…”

Section: Strategies To Restore Dopamine and Pd Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Nutrition, Microbiota Transplant and Weight Loss Surgery on Dopaminergic Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease and Obesity

Hamamah

Hajnal

Covașă

2022

IJMS

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Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is characterized by dopaminergic neuron degeneration and α-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the midbrain. Emerging evidence has shown that dietary intake affects the microbial composition in the gut, which in turn contributes to, or protects against, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in affected regions of the brain. More specifically, the Mediterranean diet and Western diet, composed of varying amounts of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, exert contrasting effects on PD pathophysiology via alterations in the gut microbiota and dopamine levels. Interestingly, the negative changes in the gut microbiota of patients with PD parallel changes that are seen in individuals that consume a Western diet, and are opposite to those that adhere to a Mediterranean diet. In this review, we first examine the role of prominent food groups on dopamine bioavailability, how they modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiota and the subsequent effects on PD and obesity pathophysiology. We then highlight evidence on how microbiota transplant and weight loss surgery can be used as therapeutic tools to restore dopaminergic deficits through optimizing gut microbial composition. In the process, we revisit dietary metabolites and their role in therapeutic approaches involving dopaminergic pathways. Overall, understanding the role of nutrition on dopamine bioavailability and gut microbiota in dopamine-related pathologies such as PD will help develop more precise therapeutic targets to rescue dopaminergic deficits in neurologic and metabolic disorders.

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“…Its supplementation decreases the total caloric intake of the binge episode, but with no difference in hedonic intake (sucrose solution). Besides, Bacteroides uniformis was associated with an increased expression of dopamine receptor 1 in the prefrontal cortex ( Agusti et al, 2021 ). However, the effects of gut microbes on other components of the food reward as well as the effect of other beneficial microbes and the mechanisms related to these effects still need to be investigated.…”

Section: Conclusion and Therapeutic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbes and food reward: From the gut to the brain

et al. 2022

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Inappropriate food intake behavior is one of the main drivers for fat mass development leading to obesity. Importantly the gut microbiota-mediated signals have emerged as key actors regulating food intake acting mainly on the hypothalamus, and thereby controlling hunger or satiety/satiation feelings. However, food intake is also controlled by the hedonic and reward systems leading to food intake based on pleasure (i.e., non-homeostatic control of food intake). This review focus on both the homeostatic and the non-homeostatic controls of food intake and the implication of the gut microbiota on the control of these systems. The gut-brain axis is involved in the communications between the gut microbes and the brain to modulate host food intake behaviors through systemic and nervous pathways. Therefore, here we describe several mediators of the gut-brain axis including gastrointestinal hormones, neurotransmitters, bioactive lipids as well as bacterial metabolites and compounds. The modulation of gut-brain axis by gut microbes is deeply addressed in the context of host food intake with a specific focus on hedonic feeding. Finally, we also discuss possible gut microbiota-based therapeutic approaches that could lead to potential clinical applications to restore food reward alterations. Therapeutic applications to tackle these dysregulations is of utmost importance since most of the available solutions to treat obesity present low success rate.

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Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 Modulates the Brain Reward Response to Reduce Binge Eating and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Cited by 26 publications

References 105 publications

A critical analysis of eating disorders and the gut microbiome

A critical analysis of eating disorders and the gut microbiome

Impact of Nutrition, Microbiota Transplant and Weight Loss Surgery on Dopaminergic Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease and Obesity

Gut microbes and food reward: From the gut to the brain

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