Bacteriophages for Treatment of Biofilm Infections

Moreno, Mercedes Gonzalez; Morovic, Paula; Tkhilaishvili, Tamta; Trampuž, Andrej

doi:10.1002/9781119720676.ch5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…One promising approach is the use of bacteria-specific viruses, known as bacteriophages or phages, to control infections by pathogenic bacteria. Phages have been used since their discovery to treat bacterial infections in humans [6] and are currently suggested…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bacteriophage Specific against Staphylococcus epidermidis and with Antibiofilm Activity

Pirlar

Wagemans

Benavente

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Staphylococcus epidermidis has emerged as the most important pathogen in infections related to indwelling medical devices, and although these infections are not life-threatening, their frequency and the fact that they are extremely difficult to treat represent a serious burden on the public health system. Treatment is complicated by specific antibiotic resistance genes and the formation of biofilms. Hence, novel therapeutic strategies are needed to fight these infections. A novel bacteriophage CUB-EPI_14 specific to the bacterial species S. epidermidis was isolated from sewage and characterized genomically and phenotypically. Its genome contains a total of 46,098 bp and 63 predicted genes, among which some have been associated with packaging and lysis-associated proteins, structural proteins, or DNA- and metabolism-associated proteins. No lysogeny-associated proteins or known virulence proteins were identified in the phage genome. CUB-EPI_14 showed stability over a wide range of temperatures (from −20 °C to 50 °C) and pH values (pH 3–pH 12) and a narrow host range against S. epidermidis. Potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities were observed when the phage was tested against a highly susceptible bacterial isolate. These encouraging results open the door to new therapeutic opportunities in the fight against resilient biofilm-associated infections caused by S. epidermidis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bacteriophage Specific against Staphylococcus epidermidis and with Antibiofilm Activity

Pirlar

Wagemans

Benavente

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…In order to create implants that are more resistant to bacterial colonization, advances have been made in the field of implant surface engineering, with implant-associated bone and joint infection (BJI) being a rare but devastating side effect of arthroplasty and orthopedic trauma. The number of implant-associated infections is rising due to the expanding number of implant devices, despite technical and medical efforts to prevent such illnesses [76].…”

Section: Microbiological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Treatment of Multifunctional Substituted Hydroxyapatite with Prospective Applications in Bone Regeneration

Burdușel

Neacșu

Bîrcă

et al. 2023

JFB

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Orthopedic bone graft infections are major complications in today’s medicine, and the demand for antibacterial treatments is expanding because of the spread of antibiotic resistance. Various compositions of hydroxyapatite (HAp) in which Calcium (Ca2+) ions are substituted with Cerium (Ce3+) and Magnesium (Mg2+) are herein proposed as biomaterials for hard tissue implants. This approach gained popularity in recent years and, in the pursuit of mimicking the natural bone mineral’s composition, over 70 elements of the Periodic Table were already reported as substituents into HAp structure. The current study aimed to create materials based on HAp, Hap-Ce, and Hap-Mg using hydrothermal maturation in the microwave field. This route has been considered a novel, promising, and effective way to obtain monodisperse, fine nanoparticles while easily controlling the synthesis parameters. The synthesized HAp powders were characterized morphologically and structurally by XRD diffraction, Dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, FTIR spectrometry, and SEM analysis. Proliferation and morphological analysis on osteoblast cell cultures were used to demonstrate the cytocompatibility of the produced biomaterials. The antimicrobial effect was highlighted in the synthesized samples, especially for hydroxyapatite substituted with cerium. Therefore, the samples of HAp substituted with cerium or magnesium are proposed as biomaterials with enhanced osseointegration, also having the capacity to reduce device-associated infections.

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“…Indeed, phages infect a specific host bacterium by recognition of one or more receptors on the bacterial cell. These receptors can be found in the cell wall, bacterial capsules, slime layers, pili or flagella, often consisting of proteins, lipopolysaccharides, teichoic acids and other cell surface structures serving as irreversible phage-binding receptors [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Bacteriophage as Potential Therapeutic Agent

et al. 2022

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A novel bacteriophage CUB19 specific to the bacterial species Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was isolated from hospital sewage and characterized as a new species belonging to a proposed new phage genus ‘Cubvirus’ (Caudoviricetes). Its genome contains a total of 48,301 bp and 79 predicted genes, among which some have been associated with packaging and lysis-associated proteins, structural proteins, or DNA- and metabolism-associated proteins. No lysogeny-associated proteins or known virulence proteins were identified on the phage genome. CUB19 showed stability over a wide range of temperatures (−20 °C–60 °C) and pH values (pH 3–pH 13). Despite its narrow host range, this phage has potent observed antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. A time-killing curve assay showed significant biofilm reduction after 24 h exposure to CUP19. Isothermal microcalorimetry assays investigating phage-antibiotic combinations revealed the effectiveness of CUB19 during co-administration with increasing antibiotic doses, regardless of the administration approach (simultaneous or staggered). These are encouraging indications for its application as a targeted therapeutic agent against resilient biofilm-associated Stenotrophomonas infections.

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Bacteriophages for Treatment of Biofilm Infections

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Novel Bacteriophage Specific against Staphylococcus epidermidis and with Antibiofilm Activity

Novel Bacteriophage Specific against Staphylococcus epidermidis and with Antibiofilm Activity

Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Treatment of Multifunctional Substituted Hydroxyapatite with Prospective Applications in Bone Regeneration

Novel Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Bacteriophage as Potential Therapeutic Agent

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