Bacteriophages and associated endolysins in therapy and prevention of mastitis and metritis in cows: Current knowledge

Zduńczyk, S; Janowski, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106504

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The use of bacteriophages (phages) and their lytic enzymes have been proposed as strategies that may supplement the current antibiotic arsenal [14][15][16][17][18]. Although phage therapy was initially considered promising, more recent insights revealed several remaining hurdles i.e., unpredictable pharmacokinetics and -dynamics, large molecular size compared to antibiotics, low tissue penetration, narrow bacterial specificity, the necessity to replicate in vivo, elevation of the somatic cell count in the cow's milk and inactivation of bacteriophage by whey proteins [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Bacteriophage-Derived Endolysins PlySs2 and PlySs9 with In Vitro Lytic Activity against Bovine Mastitis Streptococcus uberis

et al. 2020

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Bovine mastitis, an infection of the cow’s mammary gland, is frequently caused by Streptococcus uberis and causes major economic losses in the dairy industry. The intramammary administration of antibiotics currently remains the predominant preventive and therapeutic measure. These antimicrobial compounds, of which some are considered critical in human health care, are frequently applied as dry therapy resulting in their consistent overuse. Therefore, the use of antibiotics in the dairy sector is being questioned. We here identified two endolysins, i.e., PlySs2 and PlySs9, respectively derived from Streptococcus suis serotype-2 and -9 prophages, with lytic activity against S. uberis in an in vitro setting. Both endolysins gave clear lysis zones in spot-on-plate assays and caused a reduction of the optical density in a turbidity reduction assay. In depth characterization identified PlySs9 as the more potent endolysin over PlySs2 with a lower MIC value and about one additional log of killing. PlySs2 and PlySs9 were challenged to a panel of subclinical and clinical S. uberis milk isolates and were both able to lyse all strains tested. Molecular dissection of these endolysins in catalytic and cell wall binding subdomains resulted in major loss of killing and binding activity, respectively. Taken together, we here propose PlySs2 and PlySs9 as candidate compounds to the current antimicrobial arsenal known against bovine mastitis-causing S. uberis as future add-on or replacement strategy to the currently used intramammary antibiotics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Bacteriophage-Derived Endolysins PlySs2 and PlySs9 with In Vitro Lytic Activity against Bovine Mastitis Streptococcus uberis

et al. 2020

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“…Mastitis is not the only bovine disease that has been proposed to be treated with phage therapy. Metritis is an acute systemic disease that affects cows during the 21 days after calving and has detrimental effects on reproduction [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]. A cocktail of four Escherichia coli phages has been designed and shown to be effective in inhibiting E. coli isolates in vitro.…”

Section: Phage Therapy In the Veterinary Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results indicated the potential of the phage cocktail to reduce the presence of E. coli in the uteri of dairy cows after calving in order to prevent metritis [ 56 ]. However, in vivo results did not show satisfactory results [ 76 , 77 , 78 ].…”

Section: Phage Therapy In the Veterinary Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Therapy in Livestock and Companion Animals

Ferriol-González

Domingo‐Calap

2021

Antibiotics

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The irrational use of antibiotics has led to a high emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The traditional overuse of antibiotics in the animal feed industry plays a crucial role in the emergence of these pathogens that pose both economic and health problems. In addition, antibiotics have also recently experienced an increase to treat companion animal infections, promoting the emergence of MDR bacteria in pets, which can reach humans. Phages have been proposed as an alternative for antibiotics for the treatment of livestock and companion animal infections due to their multiple advantages as adaptative drugs, such as their ability to evolve, to multiply at the site of infections, and their high specificity. Moreover, phage-derived enzymes may also be an interesting approach. However, the lack of regulation for this type of pharmaceutical hinders its potential commercialization. In this review, we summarize the main recent studies on phage therapy in livestock and companion animals, providing an insight into current advances in this area and the future of treatments for bacterial infections.

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“…Dichas proteínas tienen un potencial importante en la industria alimentaria como aditivos antimicrobianos o de ser producidas por bacterias ácido lácticas modificadas, en procesos de fermentación. La endolisinas también tienen potencial de aplicación para el control de infecciones bacterianas en diversos sectores productivos, tal como el agropecuario y el acuícola (Zduńczyk y Janowski, 2020;Zermeño et al, 2018).…”

Section: Listeria Monocytogenesunclassified

El enemigo de mi enemigo es… Un virus que ataca a las bacterias: los bacteriófagos

Fuentes-Valencia

Correa

Martı́nez-Palacios

et al. 2021

RDU

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Los virus son partículas que infectan a todas las formas de vida. Los virus bacteriófagos, que infectan bacterias, fueron descubiertos antes que los antibióticos. A pesar de su tamaño pequeño, han contribuido al desarrollo científico desde hace décadas, como en el descubrimiento de numerosas enzimas con aplicaciones en la biología molecular1. En este trabajo se analizarán aspectos generales de la biología de los virus bacteriófagos, su contribución a la salud y se presentarán algunos casos exitosos de la terapia antimicrobiana usando bacteriófagos en humanos y animales. Aunque la terapia con bacteriófagos no cuenta con autorización para su uso global, ya existen formulaciones comerciales de bacteriófagos para la industria alimentaria. Se describirá el arma principal de los bacteriófagos, la endolisina, enzima que “revienta” a las bacterias. Las endolisinas se consideran una alternativa más segura que los bacteriófagos, al carecer de material genético. Los bacteriófagos y las endolisinas tienen aplicaciones revolucionarias en la medicina, como vehículos de transporte de moléculas y generación de vacunas, de fantasmas bacterianos, o en la detección diagnóstica de bacterias patógenas.

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Bacteriophages and associated endolysins in therapy and prevention of mastitis and metritis in cows: Current knowledge

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Characterization of the Bacteriophage-Derived Endolysins PlySs2 and PlySs9 with In Vitro Lytic Activity against Bovine Mastitis Streptococcus uberis

Characterization of the Bacteriophage-Derived Endolysins PlySs2 and PlySs9 with In Vitro Lytic Activity against Bovine Mastitis Streptococcus uberis

Phage Therapy in Livestock and Companion Animals

El enemigo de mi enemigo es… Un virus que ataca a las bacterias: los bacteriófagos

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