Bacteriophage PRD1 as a nanoscaffold for drug loading

Abstract

Viruses are very attractive biomaterials owing to their capability as nanocarriers of genetic material.

Bacteriophages as nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery and enhanced therapeutic effects

“…Additionally, the mode of binding and organisation of chlorpromazine, an antipsychotic amphipathic medication, complexed with PRD1 A (an icosahedral membrane-containing and double-stranded DNA phage) capsid protein P3 (43 kDa), in trimeric units, was reported by Duyvesteyn et al 79 The results showed that although the PRD1 membrane enabled the ejection of phage DNA without biochemical or genetic modifications, the injection of the drug was achieved following specific mixing procedures with PRDI, with subsequent cryo-electron microscopy, crystallography, and molecular and biochemical dynamic techniques showing the accumulation of the drug at particular locations in the PRD1 capsid while maintaining the stability of the virions. The accumulation was attributed to the formation of micelles, polar N , N -dimethyl propylamine moieties associated with the negatively charged residues at the capsid protein P3 jellyrolls, and the formation of turreted morphology led to the packed and specific hexagonal lattice formation.…”

“…Using self-assembling and easily modifiable bacteriophage capsids as nanocarriers presents potential benefits. 78,79 As they can specifically recognise and bind to limited bacterial receptors when engineered to bear the drug payload, including genes, enzymes, nanoparticles, or other therapeutic payloads, phages can potentially deliver these therapeutic agents to bacterial pathogens or disease sites with high precision, thus improving drug specificity and targeting. 78 The capsids, usually with large loading capacities, can protect and increase the bioavailability and stability of therapeutic payloads against immune clearance and degradation.…”

Next-Generation 3D Scaffolds for Nano-Based Chemotherapeutics Delivery and Cancer Treatment

“…Phages typically carry genetic material that allows them to replicate and carry out viral functions. Cancer therapy can utilize the ageold technology of viruses by loading chemotherapy drugs into phage nanoparticles [181]. Bacteriophages hold potential for drug delivery, as they are non-pathogenic to humans, and they can be genetically modified to fit the desired parameters [180].…”