Bacteriology of burn wounds in Enugu, Nigeria

Ozumba, UC; Jiburum, B C

doi:10.1016/s0305-4179(99)00075-3

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A defective immune system, necrotic and moist wounds, transduction of infectious agents from the gastrointestinal system and severe colonization of bacteria, prolonged hospitalization, and invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures all contribute to infections (Macedo and Santos, 2006 N= Number, NT= Not tested, percentages are given in parentheses. Jiburum, 2000). The most frequently isolated organism from burn wounds was P. aeruginosa, followed by Enterobacter spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella spp., which is in agreement with the findings of other studies (Karimi et al, 2002;Kaushik et al, 2001;Rastegar and Alaghehbandan, 2000;Warren and Fraser, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Bacteriology of burns and antibiogram in an Iranian burn care center

Beheshti¹,

Zia²

2011

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Burn patients face an obviously high risk for infections due to the immunocompromising effects of their injury. This study aimed to detect and identify bacteria isolated from patients and hospital environment in the burn unit and determine their antibiogram pattern in response to commonly used antimicrobial agents; in order to give recommendations for management of bacterial infections and drug-resistance. Materials of this study were 100 samples of burn wounds and multiple swab samples of different hospital environments. One hundred and twelve isolates were analyzed, from which there was a single agent in the majority of cases (73.3%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate (32.2%), followed by Enterobacter spp. (16.9%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (12.5%), Acinetobacter spp. (11.7%), Klebsiella spp. (8.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.2%), -hemolytic streptococci (4.4%), and others (6.2%). The most commonly detected isolate from hospital environment was P. aeruginosa (35%) followed by Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., coagulase-negative staphylococci. P. aeruginosa was the most resistant to third-and fourth-generation cephalosporins (100%), whereas other gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporin (70 to 100%). Restriction in the abuse of antibiotics and establishment of an infection control unit will help lower the incidence of infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Among the gramnegative bacteria, the sensitivity rate of Klebsiella spp. was 0 to 10% toward third-generation cephalosporins, amikacin and co-amoxiclav, whereas sensitivity rates of 16.7 to 39.1% (Revathi et al, 1998) and 31.3 to 87.5% (Ozumba et al, 2000) have also been reported. Acinetobacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriology of burns and antibiogram in an Iranian burn care center

Beheshti¹,

Zia²

2011

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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“…which is contrary to study conducted in Nigeria. [20,21] where Klebsiella spp. was the most frequent pathogen isolated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Β - Lactamase Producers Through Infection Control Measures in Burn Icu

Singh¹,

Singh²,

Kaur³

et al. 2015

jemds

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESMulti-Drug Resistant (MDR) pathogens due to various β-lactamases are major contributors in increasing morbidity and mortality rates in Burn Intensive Care Units, ICU. This study is aimed to apply the various infection control measures and to compare the results of two halves of study and to establish a relation between environment, Health Care Workers (HCWs) and patients regarding manifestation of nosocomial infection. DESIGN AND SETTINGOver a period of three years (June 2010 to June 2013), Clinical, Environment and Health care providers samples from Burn ICU were processed in the Department of Microbiology, Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar. Organisms were identified by standard microbiological techniques and their antibiotic susceptibility was determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The MDR were further tested for various β-lactamases by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) disc diffusion method using Ceftazidime and Ceftazidime + clavulanate and Cefotaxime and Cefotaxime clavulanate for Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL), Meropenem and meropenem + EDTA for Metallo Beta Lactamases (MBLs) and 3-Dimensional test for AmpC beta lactamases. MATERIAL AND METHODS307 clinical, 210 environmental and 117 HCWs samples in 1 st and 192 clinical, 62 environmental and 92 HCWs samples in 2 nd half of study were processed by standard microbiological techniques. After identification all MDR isolates were first screened for ESBL, AmpC and MBL then confirmed by the respective confirmatory tests. Results of two halves were statistically analyzed. RESULTSInfection rate was reduced from 50.16% to 40.10% in Burn patients. Culture positivity was reduced from 38.0% to 27.41% in environmental and 27.35% to 7.60% in HCWs samples. β-lactamases prevalence in Gram positive was 54.23% and Gram negative was 60.86% before and 37.03% and 54.05% after interventions. CONCLUSIONIn addition to the economic burden for antibiotic treatment, it is important to monitor the bacteriology, resistance pattern, antibiotic susceptibility and β-lactamases production in burn ICU. The development of new agents, strict antibiotic policy and effective infection control measures are paramount in the ongoing battle against multi-resistant organisms.

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“…[1718] A few studies have introduced another bacterium (except P. aeruginosa ) as the infecting agent of burns. Santucci et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to our study, more isolated species were sensitive to meropenem in this study (36.7%). [18] The resistance of P. aeruginosa to new antimicrobials is a serious and major problem in burn patients in hospitals. High resistance of this bacterium to the antimicrobial agents has complicated the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium, and made it one of the major medical predicaments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from burn wounds in an Iranian University Hospital

et al. 2012

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Objective:About 73% of death cases in the first 5 days after burning are due to infection complications. The aim of this study was to identify the causing agents of infections in burn patients and the sensitivity pattern of them to the commonly used antimicrobials in an Iranian Burn center University Hospital.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, patients who were admitted to one of the Iranian Burn center University hospitals in 2009 and had nosocomial infection due to burn wound, whom received antimicrobial agents for therapeutic reasons, with a hospitalization period of more than 48 hours were enrolled. Gram stain analyses were performed to help identifying growing colonies. Differential tests for identification of pathogenic bacteria species were performed following primary tests. E-test strips of each antimicrobial were placed on the culture medium plate in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration Studied antimicrobials for isolated Gram-negative bacteria were meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftriaxone, cotrimoxazole, and for Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cotrimoxazole, and cephalothin.Findings:Only 16% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa species were sensitive to meropenem, and 13% were sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam. Ten out of 29 Klebsiella species (34%) were sensitive to meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. All isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to vancomycine while they were all resistant to cotrimoxazole.Conclusion:Pseudomona, Klebsiella and Staphylococcoci are the most common species causing burn infection in this medical center. Results showed the importance of limiting irrational use of wide-spectrum antimicrobials and recommends strict management of infections in burn injury centers.

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Bacteriology of burn wounds in Enugu, Nigeria

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Bacteriology of burns and antibiogram in an Iranian burn care center

Bacteriology of burns and antibiogram in an Iranian burn care center

Management of Β - Lactamase Producers Through Infection Control Measures in Burn Icu

Antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from burn wounds in an Iranian University Hospital

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