Bacteriological Studies In Crohn'S Disease

Vince, Angela; Dyer, N. H.; O'Grady, F.; Dawson, A. M.

doi:10.1099/00222615-5-2-219

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus it is probable that ureolysis in these subjects also occurs in the ileum. This is not surprising in view of the current evidence that the normal ileum contains urea-splitting bacteria (Phear & Ruebner, 1956;Hamilton, Dyer, Dawson, O'Grady, Vince, Fenton & Mollin, 1970;Vince, Dyer, O'Grady & Dawson, 1972). In this study the ileum could account for up to 38% of urea breakdown, a figure derived from the average gut urea breakdown after colon excision or exclusion, 67.0 mmol/day (less 13.8 mmoliday lost into the ileostomy bag) expressed as a percentage of the mean overall gut urea breakdown in the control group (143 mmol/day).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Role of the Colon in Urea Metabolism in Man

et al. 1976

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1. The urea content of ileostomy effluent has been measured by the urease method as an indirect estimate of the urea concentration in the lumen of the normal ileum. 2. The plasma disappearance of intravenously administered[14C]urea was used to study intestinal urea breakdown. Normal subjects on high and low protein diets and patients with either excised (i.e. with ileostomies) or excluded colons were studied. 3. The 24 h intestinal urea breakdown was considerably greater than the quantity of urea estimated to be entering the colon from the ileum and across the colonic mucosa. 4. Intestinal urea breakdown increased with increase in dietary protein and decreased with, but was not abolished by, exclusion or excision of the colon. 5. Our results suggest that the colonic lumen is not the only site of intestinal ureolysis and that significant quantities of urea must be broken down either at a juxtamucosal site or in the ileum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Role of the Colon in Urea Metabolism in Man

et al. 1976

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“…Dawson and colleagues (Vince et al, 1972) cite a “resurgence of clinical interest in the role of the intestinal bacterial flora” in 1972, just as has occurred in the past few years. Three main developments prior to the advent of modern culture-independent (i.e., sequencing-based as opposed to culturing-based) studies sustained interest in the IBD microbiome: systematic culture-based profiles during early clinical management of IBD, similar profiles of the gut microbial response to treatment, and the advent of rodent genetic models recapitulating IBD symptoms.…”

Section: The Complex Interplay Of Host and Microbe In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Bowel Disease as a Model for Translating the Microbiome

2014

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The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are among the most closely studied chronic inflammatory disorders that involve environmental, host genetic, and commensal microbial factors. This combination of features has made IBD both an appropriate and a high-priority platform for translatable research in host-microbiome interactions. Decades of epidemiology have identified environmental risk factors, although most mechanisms of action remain unexplained. The genetic architecture of IBD has been carefully dissected in multiple large populations, identifying several responsible host epithelial and immune pathways but without yet a complete systems-level explanation. Most recently, the commensal gut microbiota have been found to be both ecologically and functionally perturbed during the disease, but with as-yet-unexplained heterogeneity among IBD subtypes and individual patients. IBD thus represents perhaps the most comprehensive current model for understanding the human microbiome’s role in complex inflammatory disease. Here, we review the influences of the microbiota on IBD and its potential for translational medicine.

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“…In some of these investigations (Vince et al 1972;Mallory et al 1973), the faecal flora was also studied and no significant differences between patients and healthy controls were found. Numbers of coliform bacteria were increased in the faeces of patients studied by Gorbach et al (1968) but West et al (1974 reported normal numbers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The faecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease

Wensinck

1975

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Bacteriological Studies In Crohn'S Disease

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

The Role of the Colon in Urea Metabolism in Man

The Role of the Colon in Urea Metabolism in Man

Inflammatory Bowel Disease as a Model for Translating the Microbiome

The faecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease

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