Bacteriological quality and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolates of ready-to-eat raw minced meat from hotels and restaurants in Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Abstract

In Ethiopia, the bacteriological quality of ready-to-eat raw meat is of a great public health concern as it can serve as a source of meat-borne pathogens and worsen the transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria, and hence this cross-sectional study, done on 257 meat samples (ie., 169 beef, 50 mutton and 38 chevon) from randomly selected hotels and restaurants (n = 52). Approximately 25 gm of meat samples were taken bi-weekly and subjected to quantitative and qualitative analyses; antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done as per the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. It was found that 13.2 (n = 34), 17.5 (n = 45) and 21.8% (n = 56) samples exceeded the permissible limit for total viable and coliform and S. aureus counts, respectively. At the same time, 24.9% (n = 64) surpassed the bacteriological limit permissible for consumption. Overall, 36.6% (n = 94) of samples were extrapolated as unsatisfactory for consumption due to high bacterial load and or the presence of pathogens. Five different bacterial spp. such as E. coli 65% (n = 167), S. aureus 59% (n = 152), Salmonella spp. 28.4% (n = 73), Campylobacter spp. 14.4% (n = 37) and Shigella spp. 4.3% (n = 11) were isolated in varied proportions. Alarmingly, 60% (n = 264) of the isolates were multi-drug resistant and 51% of S. aureus were found to be MRSA.

High Levels of Multidrug-Resistant and Beta-Lactamase-Producing Bacteria in Meat and Meat Contact Surfaces, Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia

“…Of the 76 isolated bacteria, the prevalence of MDR was 51 (67.1%) in meat and meat contact surfaces. Another study conducted in Ethiopia 38 also reported 60% of MDR isolates. The finding of this study was much higher than study conducted in Hawassa, Ethiopia 13 indicating that multidrug resistance differs significantly among different regions.…”

“…37 In this study, the isolates showed the highest rates of resistance to amoxicillin 67 (88.2%), ampicillin 67 (88.2%), penicillin 25 (89.3%), to erythromycin 43 (56.6%) and chloramphenicol 39 (51.3%). Many studies in Ethiopia 13,38,39 and abroad 40 have also reported high levels of resistance of some species to some antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin and penicillin. This high resistance to penicillin may be due to the continued use of penicillin derivatives in domesticated animals for slaughter.…”

Antibiogram of food borne pathogenic bacteria isolated from raw pork and beef meat

“…Foodborne illnesses and infections are prominent global health issues that pose significant risks to human health and lives. Researchers have recognized more than 250 foodborne diseases [1]. Foodborne disease not only affects the physical health and well-being of individuals, but it also has a substantial impact on the social and economic productivity of nations [2].…”