Bacteriological Profile of Nosocomial Infections in Visceral Surgery at the CNHU-HKM of Cotonou in Republic of Benin

Abstract

Wound suppuration is the formation and accumulation of pus in the soft tissue of the wound. As a rule, the natural inflammatory reaction disappears within three to five days and later the wound heals without any character. During this time, in some cases the inflammatory reaction in the wound exceeds the limits of the physiological norm due to the external supply of bacterial germs, which leads to the formation of pus, exaggeratedly prolonging the healing process and in turn leading to serious consequences. This study aims to identify the bacteria involved in these suppurations, to study their antibiotic resistance profiles and to review the role of the nurses taking care of these patients. The study was conducted at the Menontin zone hospital from May 15 to June 21, 2013. Fifty-one patients of all ages and sexes with surgical and traumatic discharge wounds were sampled and 30 hand samples were taken from the nurses' hands before and after dressing. From the results obtained, 76 bacteria were identified, including 35 cocci and 41 bacilli. 29% of the bacteria found were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 28% Staphylococcus aureus, 14% Escherichia coli and others. Hand samples of 10 bacteria were isolated including 4 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3Staphylococcus DNase-negative 2 Klebsiella spp and 1 Staphylococcus aureus. The strains isolated were particularly resistant to the antibiotics tested more specifically to β-lactam, Gentamycin Erythromycin and Colistin. The majority of strains have good sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and Fosfomycin. In view of these results, it is necessary to draw the attention of patients and nurses to the reality of the existence of these bacteria, the adequate intake of antibiotics preferably after an antibiotic test, hand washing and the use of appropriate sterile materials before and after any dressing.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Community Acquired Staphylococcus aureus in Patients Received at the Traumatology Unit of a Secondary Referral Health Setting in the Western Cameroon

“…This bacterium is responsible for both community [7] and hospital acquired [8,9] infections. Studies have shown a predominance of methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains in infected wounds [10,11], nosocomial [12,13], nasal [9,13] infections, Osteomyelitis in children and premature infants [14,15] and pyomyositis [16].…”

“…Abdoulaye et al [24] observed an increased resistance of S. aureus to antibiotics during surgical site infections in the surgical wards. Other studies also reported considerable resistance rates in hospital acquired infections including nosocomial infection [12] and nasal carriage in intensive care units [9]. Data on community acquired S aureus infections are still very limited and completely inexistent in the locality.…”