“…Representative data showed that children under 5 years are more often colonized by pneumococci than older children [1,2]. On a related note, potentially pathogenic bacteria that colonize the nasopharynx can cause a range of respiratory tract infections [3,4]. It is common knowledge that Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is widely recognized as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children under five years, especially in developing countries [5,6].…”