Bacteriologic Studies on Aureomycin

Abstract

Unpublished data made available to us suggested that a new antibiotic, aureomycin,3 was of low toxicity, was highly effective against a variety of experimental infections in animals, and, therefore, warranted a clinical trial. The bacteriological studies which were conducted as part of the clinical evaluation of this agent are presented in this paper. SENSITIVITY OF VARIOUS BACTERIA Aureomycin hydrochloride was found to have considerable antibacterial action in vitro against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The sensitivities to aureomycin of 186 strains of organisms recently isolated from patients in the Boston City Hospital are presented in table 1. Among the strains of the various organisms tested, only those of Proteus vulgaris and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were regularly found to be relatively resistant to aureomycin. COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY TO THREE ANTIBIOTICS The sensitivity to aureomycin, penicillin, and streptomycin of a selected group of microorganisms is presented in table 2. Weight for weight, aureomycin was found to be less effective than penicillin, but more effective than streptomycin, in the case of most coccal organisms. Aureomycin was about as effective as streptomycin against most gram-negative bacilli. Aureomycin possesses equal antibacterial activity against penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant staphylococci as well as against streptomycin-sensitive and streptomycin-resistant bacteria. It is also effective against streptomycin-dependent organisms. FACTORS INFLUENCING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF AUREOMYCIN The concentration of antibiotic which is necessary to inhibit any bacterium depends upon many factors, some of which are concerned chiefly with the antibiotic and others of which have largely to do with the microorganisms. Those

Semisynthetic Analogues of Anhydrotetracycline as Inhibitors of Tetracycline Destructase Enzymes

“…Since the isolation of chlortetracycline ( 2 , aureomycin) from Streptomyces aureofaciens in 1948, the tetracycline family of broad-spectrum antibiotics has served as essential medicines for the treatment of bacterial infections in hospital and agricultural settings (Figure ). − Driven by challenges with stability, toxicity, and rising antibiotic resistance, the development of more effective, semisynthetic tetracycline variants has led to the introduction of next-generation tetracycline antibiotics tailored to overcome emerging resistance mechanisms. − In this regard, the majority of current treatment strategies employ the use of second-generation C6-deoxy-tetracyclines (i.e., doxycycline and minocycline), which were developed to overcome efflux and stability issues, and third-generation glycylcyclines (tigecycline, , eravacycline, , and omadacycline), which were designed to evade efflux and ribosomal protection , and are used as last-resort treatments for multidrug resistant infections (Figure ).…”

Analytical Microbiology

“…to turbidity 4 on Burroughs-Several authors have reported the same experiences in the assay of this substance (White et al, 1949;Brownlee et al, 1949a and1949b). Large inocula also interfere with the activity of Aureomycin (Paine et al, 1948a and1948b) and Terramycin (Baron, 1950).…”

Screening of Natural Products and Approved Oncology Drug Libraries for Activity against Clostridioides difficile

“…Aureomycin, a member of the tetracycline class and isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens, is known for its antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities 48 . The MIC 50 value of aureomycin against C. difficile was found to be 0.06 μg/ml ( Table 3).…”