Bactericidal Effects of Various Irrigation Solutions Against Staphylococcus Aureus in Human Root Canal

Abstract

Purpose:The aim of the present study was to evaluate and to compare the antibacterial effects of various irrigation solutions against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in human root canals.Materials and Methods:120 single-root mandibular premolar teeth were selected. The teeth were prepared and sterilized. S. aureus was incubated in the root canals and kept at 37°C for 24h. The infected root canals were divided into one positive (saline) and one negative (sodium hypochlorite) control, and four experimental groups [Ethylene-diaminetetra-aceticacid, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Super-oxidized water(SPO), Aqueous ozone] (n=20). Flow rate of irrigation was applied with 5 mL/min flow rate for 3 min to ensure standardization among all study groups. Following the irrigation, paper points were placed in the root canals and then transferred in sterile eppendorf. Remaining bacteria were counted on blood agar plates and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.Results:Although there were statistically significant differences among SPO and other experimental groups (p<0.05), there was no statistically significant difference between SPO and NaOCl (p>0.05).Conclusion:Super-oxidized water may be recommended as an alternative irrigation solution instead of NaOCl against S. aureus in root canals.

Antibacterial Activity of a New Ready-To-Use Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer

“…E. coli, is a facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus also isolated from periapical infections of endodontic treatments (15). E. faecalisis one of the most resistant and frequent bacteria in primary infections and recurrence of endodontic treatments (16). S. mutans, a microorganism with strong etiological potential of caries disease and also found in infected root canals associated with apical periodontitis (17).…”

Electrolysed oxidising water as a multi‐purpose biocide in dental healthcare—A scoping review

“…Significant microbicidal activity is reported in suspension assays either with fixed contact times or time‐kill assays against bacterial and fungal type strains, and clinical isolates 9,50,57,58,61–70,72–85,104,112 . Variables in biofilm assays include EOW generation, 73,74 ACC, 77 mono‐cultures 90,91,94,95,97–102 or mixed‐cultures, 93,96 biofilm formation time, biofilm models, 75,90 irrigation regimens (duration and mode), 91,94,102 solo application or in combination with other agents 99,103 and anolyte‐catholyte ratio 94,130 …”

“…Liquid growth/viability assays were performed either as stand-alone procedures or prior to anti-biofilm activity measurements (30 reports 9,50,57,58, ) and as a comparative method in one 86 of the four reports that investigated EOW effectiveness by agar diffusion assays. 66,[86][87][88] In vitro adherence and anti-biofilm assays (36 reports) were performed using laboratory biofilm models (11 reports, 70,[73][74][75][77][78][79][89][90][91][92] ), extracted human teeth (14 reports 90,91,[93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104] ), bovine teeth (1 report 105 ) and biomaterial substrates (10 reports 24,61,83,[106][107][108][109][110][111][112] ).…”

“…92 Significant microbicidal activity is reported in suspension assays either with fixed contact times or time-kill assays against bacterial and fungal type strains, and clinical isolates . 9,50,57,58,[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85]104,112 Variables in biofilm assays include EOW generation, 73,74 ACC, 77 mono-cultures 90,91,94,95,[97][98][99][100][101][102] or mixed-cultures, 93,96 biofilm formation time, biofilm models, 75,90 irrigation regimens (duration and mode), 91,…”

Antimicrobial Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Combined with Electrolyzed Superoxidized Solution at Neutral pH on Enterococcus faecalis Growth

“…A significant antimicrobial activity of ESS in removing biofilms from E. faecalis in root canals has been previously reported [ 25 – 29 ]. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of combining Ca(OH) 2 with an ESS with neutral pH called OxOral®, in E. faecalis -infected root canals.…”