Bactericidal Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation

Rentschler, H. C.; Nagy, Rudolph; Mouromseff, Galina

doi:10.1128/jb.41.6.745-774.1941

Cited by 69 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Rentschler [27] (as reported by Brickner et al [28]) measured a susceptibility of 0.019 m 2 /J for Bacillus subtilis spores, which is very close to the 0.018 m 2 /J that we measured for B. atrophaeus sporesdpreviously known as B. subtilis var. niger spores [15].…”

Section: Uv Susceptibility Of M Parafortuitum and B Atrophaeus Sporessupporting

confidence: 88%

Influence of ceiling fan's speed and direction on efficacy of upperroom, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation: Experimental

Rudnick¹,

McDevitt²,

Hunt³

et al. 2015

Building and Environment

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a b s t r a c tIncreasing a ceiling fan's speed from its lowest setting of 61 rpm, which resulted in 0.77 m 3 /s of airflow, to its highest setting of 176 rpm, which resulted in 2.5 m 3 /s of airflow, or having the fan blow either upward or downward had no statistically significant effect on the efficacy of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI). This outcome suggests that air circulation due to the ceiling fan was sufficient and that any additional increase would not improve efficacy. Numerous experimental studies on upper-room UVGI in which fans were used to provide air mixing have been published. However, none have quantified the air movement produced by these fans or described their tests in sufficient detail to allow results to be compared to predictions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The present work provides the required information. In addition to the usual boundary conditions needed for CFD, we made experimental measurements of UV susceptibility of the microorganisms used in the upper-room UVGI tests. We measured UV susceptibilities for Mycobacterium parafortuitum and Bacillus atrophaeus spores to be 0.074 and 0.018 m 2 /J, respectively. In a previous publication, we reported the spatial distribution of fluence rate, which is also needed for predicting efficacy from CFD. In a companion paper referred to as Part II, upper-room UVGI efficacy was predicted by both Eulerian and Lagrangian CFD and compared to the experimental results from the present study.

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Section: Uv Susceptibility Of M Parafortuitum and B Atrophaeus Sporessupporting

confidence: 88%

Influence of ceiling fan's speed and direction on efficacy of upperroom, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation: Experimental

Rudnick¹,

McDevitt²,

Hunt³

et al. 2015

Building and Environment

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“…The reciprocity law, which is characteristic of simple photochemical reactions, states that the effect of radiation is the function of the total radiant energy, and is independent of intensity and time (Zetterberg, 1964). Zetterberg lists earlier studies that show that the effects of 254nm UV conform to the reciprocity law for a variety of biological effects and end points, including, for instance, bacterial inactivation (Rentschler et al, 1941), prophage induction (Marcovich, 1956), fungal mutation (Zetterberg and Giese, 1962), and angiosperm chromosome aberration (Kirby-Smith and Craig, 1957).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

LETHALITY IN REPAIR‐PROFICIENT ESCHERICHIA COLI AFTER 365 nm ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT IRRADIATION IS DEPENDENT ON FLUENCE RATE

Peak

1982

Photochem & Photobiology

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Reciprocity (total applied fluence produces the same response, regardless of the fluence rate) for the lethal effects caused by 365 and 254 nm ultraviolet light (UV) was studied for repair-proficient and -deficient Escherichia coli strains. In the repair-proficient strain, E . coli WP2 uurA+ r e d + , reciprocity after 365 nm UV was only observed at fluence rates of about 750 Wm-' and above. Below this rate, the cells became increasingly sensitive as the Ruence rate was decreased. Similar lack of reciprocity was obtained whether the cells were exposed at 0 or 25°C. The double repair-defective mutant, E. coli WPlOO uurA recA, showed complete reciprocity after 365 nm UV over the same range of fluence rates measured for the repair-proficient strain. For 254 nm UV, complete reciprocity occurred in both strains over a range of Ruence rates differing by an order of magnitude.

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“…The results obtained by different in¬ vestigators can be compared and evaluated only by careful attention to the details of bacterio¬ logical techniques. The UV effect on bacteria depends primarily on the conditions of the UV exposure (1,6,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by the Ameriean Medical Association (2,5), the Food and Drug Admin¬ istration (<? ), the D. W. Fuller Ultraviolet Equipment Co., and many investigators (6,(12)(13)(14)(15)18,19,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%