Bacterial Viruses (Bacteriophages)

Phenotypic Stochasticity Protects Lytic Bacteriophage Populations From Extinction During the Bacterial Stationary Phase

“…5 ), that is, the phenotype variation was not caused by genetic variation as observed previously by Garen (1954) and Sagik (1954) . Because early studies of residual fraction ( Delbrück 1942 ; Adams 1959 ) used phages other than λ, our results indicate that the heterogeneity in adsorption rate may be quite universal among tailed phages.…”

Naturally resident and exogenously applied T4-like and T5-like bacteriophages can reduceEscherichia coliO157

“…48,49 The infection kinetics of CEV2 are also similar to those observed under similar conditions for T5 infecting other E. coli strains, eclipse period of ~14 min, latent period ~39 min and burst size ~350 phage cell -1 . 50,51 Restriction enzyme digests of CEV2 DNA show that like T5 (in-silico digests using Genbank AY692264.1) it is susceptible to digestion by a broad range of the same enzymes in a similar but not identical E. coli O157:H7 is a minor and transient component of the ruminant gut, with colonized cattle shedding highly variable quantities for 30-60 d. Cattle can pick up the organism from each other, the surrounding farm/pen environment and contaminated water and feed. 16,18,44,45 Studies examining the relationship between O157:H7 and O157:H7-infecting phages in cattle feedlots have shown a negative correlation.…”

Tracing Ancestors and Relatives of Escherichia coli B, and the Derivation of B Strains REL606 and BL21(DE3)

“…As recounted by Delbrück in his 1946 review, 6 several groups of phage workers decided to concentrate their efforts on a series of seven virulent phages, designated T1 through T7, that all infect E. coli B. They also developed a consistent nomenclature for host and phage variants to facilitate exchange of information.…”

“…[1][2][3] Famously, the E. coli strain named B by Delbrück and Luria in 1942 4 was chosen by the phage group that developed around Delbrück, Luria, and Hershey in the 1940s as the host for their common studies of the virulent phages T1-T7. 5,6 However, the earlier history of B is less well established.…”