Bacterial vaginosis is associated with prematurity and vaginal fluid mucinase and sialidase: Results of a controlled trial of topical clindamycin cream

McGregor, James A.; French, Janice I.; Jones, Ward; Milligan, K. R.; McKinney, P.; Patterson, Elisa; Parker, R

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70098-2

Cited by 289 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Pregnant African Americans have increased prevalence of BV compared to other race/ethnicity groups. 10,11,26,27 Antenatal BV can recur and/or persist despite treatment, 9,32,33 thus lending credibility to the inclusion of previous BV diagnoses in the index pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further complicating the situation is the fact that 12% to 50% of untreated antenatal BV cases resolve spontaneously, 11,35,36 and 9% to 20% of antenatal BV can recur and/or persist 4 to 12 gestational weeks later despite treatment. 9,32,33 Self-reported and clinician-identified vaginal symptoms at the time of enrollment would have helped to better assess the interrelationships between symptomatology, clinician-initiated BV testing, and Gram stain BV results. This information would enhance our assessment of the value of our scoring system and possibly add to our understanding of typical BV symptoms during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Score for Antenatal Bacterial Vaginosis: BV PIN Points

et al. 2002

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Score for Antenatal Bacterial Vaginosis: BV PIN Points

et al. 2002

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“…Sialidase are enzymes that cleave sialic acid from glycoproteins, among them the IgA, mucins and cell receptors and thus is associated with evasion of innate and acquired immunity, due to degradation of cervical IgA and changes in the cellular membrane receptors (3) . Prolidase are proteolytic enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix, encourage cell infiltration and thus contribute to breaking down the protective mucosal barrier (4) . Women in the second trimester of pregnancy, with higher activities of sialidase and prolidase, accompanied by increased vaginal pH, are at a higher risk of premature delivery because of the synergistic interrelationship among the virulence factors produced by bacteria in the altered vaginal microbiota with a consequent risk of an adverse pregnancy outcome (5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Vaginal Flora in Low-Risk Pregnant Women Cared for by a Public Health Service: prevalence and Association with Symptoms and Findings from Gynecological Exams

Gondo

Duarte

Silva

et al. 2010

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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This study identifies the prevalence of vaginal flora alterations in low-risk pregnant women and their association with reported symptoms and gynecological exams. This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in public primary care service units Considering undesirable maternal and perinatal outcomes and feasible laboratory practices, the establishment of a routine for diagnosing vaginal flora alterations in low-risk pregnant women is suggested. Los datos apuntan elevada prevalencia de las alteraciones de flora vaginal, con poca asociación a la sintomatología, pero con asociación a hallazgos del examen ginecológico.Considerándose las repercusiones maternas y perinatales indeseables y la práctica de laboratorio ejecutable, se sugiere el establecimiento de rutina para diagnóstico de las alteraciones de flora vaginal en gestantes de bajo riesgo.Descriptores: Vaginosis Bacteriana; Candidíasis Vulvovaginal; Embarazo; Prevalencia. IntroductionBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a relevant issue during pregnancy because it is associated with a higher risk of late miscarriage, infection of the amniotic cavity, premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, prematurity, and infant low birth weight (1) . The mechanism through which these obstetrical complications occur is not yet totally The metabolism resulting from the proliferation of these bacteria promote increased production of aromatic amines, the putrescine and cadaverine, which evaporate and induce a bad genital odor (6) . Another frequent symptom is a grayish and fluid vaginal discharge with small bubbles (7) .The Lactobacillus SP is a gram-positive bacillus that produces components such as lactic acid, bacteriocins and hydrogen, and which has properties that protect the vaginal flora. These components determine an acidic vaginal pH, lower than 4.5, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The vaginal flora is also composed of other commensal microorganisms, which in certain situations can become pathogenic (8) .We must take into account that under normal Its most common symptoms are itching, urinary discomfort, perineal irritation, and whitish discharge in plates, while between 25% and 40% of women are asymptomatic (10) . Although it is highly prevalent, it is not related to relevant perinatal complications (11) .Vaginal trichomoniasis is an important sexually Based on a prevalence of altered vaginal flora of 20% with confidence interval of 95% and a margin of error of 5%, the sample minimum size was determined by: Patients included in the study were submitted to speculum examination using a bi-valve vaginal Collins speculum, sterilized and without any lubricating.After this procedure, the macroscopic characteristics of the vaginal content were noted, followed by a pH measurement with Merk  tape graduated between four and seven, pressed against the middle third of the lateral vaginal wall for one minute, then proceeding to the reading according to the manufacturer's instructions.Then, the material of the lateral vaginal wall was collected ...

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“…reported that local administration of CLDM to pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis was ineffective in reducing the incidence of premature labour, even though clinical efficacy was observed. Because local administration is hardly effective against bacteria which have invaded the uterus, they suggested systemic administration of CLDM [17]. Further study on the treatment of M. hominis infection is eagerly awaited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two patients with premature labour associated with Mycoplasma hominis infection

Shimada¹,

Kotani²,

Sameshima

et al. 1998

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Because several reports have suggested that bacterial vaginosis causes premature labour and early rupture of the fetal membranes, the presence of a bacterial flora that causes bacterial vaginosis is thought to be a risk factor for premature labour. The present study investigated two patients with premature delivery and intra-uterine Mycoplusmu hominis infection. In microbiological studies, Gram's staining of amniotic fluids revealed numerous neutrophils and epithelial cells but no micro-organisms. Culture of amniotic fluid before antibiotic therapy yielded only M. horninis under anaerobic conditions; aerobic culture was negative. Vaginal discharge taken on the day of delivery yielded no growth in case 1 and M. hominis and Enterucoccus fueculis in case 2. Maternal sera showed specific antibodies to M. hominis by ELISA and immunoblotting. As no possible cause of premature labour other than M. huminis infection was detected, it is concluded that the intra-uterine M. huminis infection was associated with premature labour in these patients.

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Bacterial vaginosis is associated with prematurity and vaginal fluid mucinase and sialidase: Results of a controlled trial of topical clindamycin cream

Cited by 289 publications

References 37 publications

Risk Score for Antenatal Bacterial Vaginosis: BV PIN Points

Risk Score for Antenatal Bacterial Vaginosis: BV PIN Points

Abnormal Vaginal Flora in Low-Risk Pregnant Women Cared for by a Public Health Service: prevalence and Association with Symptoms and Findings from Gynecological Exams

Two patients with premature labour associated with Mycoplasma hominis infection

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