Abstract:CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Bacterial vaginosis occurs frequently in pregnancy and increases susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STI). Considering that adolescents are disproportionally affected by STI, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cervicovaginal levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and bacterial sialidase in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at mother and child referral units in Belém, Pará, Brazil.
METHODS:Vaginal samples … Show more
“…In contrast, Marrazzo suggests that there is evidence to support a role for acquisition of BV, but this process may vary among subsets of women [ 57 ]. Elevated cervicovaginal levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8, which are higher in pregnant adolescents with BV, may increase one’s vulnerability to a STI [ 58 ]. Fig.…”
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal disorder in women of reproductive age. Since the initial work of Leopoldo in 1953 and Gardner and Dukes in 1955, researchers have not been able to identify the causative etiologic agent of BV. There is increasing evidence, however, that BV occurs when Lactobacillus spp., the predominant species in healthy vaginal flora, are replaced by anaerobic bacteria, such as Gardenella vaginalis, Mobiluncus curtisii, M. mulieris, other anaerobic bacteria and/or Mycoplasma hominis. Worldwide, it estimated that 20–30 % of women of reproductive age attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics suffer from BV, and that its prevalence can be as high as 50–60 % in high-risk populations (e.g., those who practice commercial sex work (CSW). Epidemiological data show that women are more likely to report BV if they: 1) have had a higher number of lifetime sexual partners; 2) are unmarried; 3) have engaged in their first intercourse at a younger age; 4) have engaged in CSW, and 5) practice regular douching. In the past decade, several studies have provided evidence on the contribution of sexual activity to BV. However, it is difficult to state that BV is a STI without being able to identify the etiologic agent. BV has also emerged as a public health problem due to its association with other STIs, including: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). The most recent evidence on the association between BV and CT/NG infection comes from two secondary analyses of cohort data conducted among women attending STI clinics. Based on these studies, women with BV had a 1.8 and 1.9-fold increased risk for NG and CT infection, respectively. Taken together, BV is likely a risk factor or at least an important contributor to subsequent NG or CT infection in high-risk women. Additional research is required to determine whether this association is also present in other low-risk sexually active populations, such as among women in the US military. It is essential to conduct large scale cross-sectional or population-based case-control studies to investigate the role of BV as a risk factor for CT/NG infections. These studies could lead to the development of interventions aimed at reducing the burden associated with bacterial STIs worldwide.
“…In contrast, Marrazzo suggests that there is evidence to support a role for acquisition of BV, but this process may vary among subsets of women [ 57 ]. Elevated cervicovaginal levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8, which are higher in pregnant adolescents with BV, may increase one’s vulnerability to a STI [ 58 ]. Fig.…”
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal disorder in women of reproductive age. Since the initial work of Leopoldo in 1953 and Gardner and Dukes in 1955, researchers have not been able to identify the causative etiologic agent of BV. There is increasing evidence, however, that BV occurs when Lactobacillus spp., the predominant species in healthy vaginal flora, are replaced by anaerobic bacteria, such as Gardenella vaginalis, Mobiluncus curtisii, M. mulieris, other anaerobic bacteria and/or Mycoplasma hominis. Worldwide, it estimated that 20–30 % of women of reproductive age attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics suffer from BV, and that its prevalence can be as high as 50–60 % in high-risk populations (e.g., those who practice commercial sex work (CSW). Epidemiological data show that women are more likely to report BV if they: 1) have had a higher number of lifetime sexual partners; 2) are unmarried; 3) have engaged in their first intercourse at a younger age; 4) have engaged in CSW, and 5) practice regular douching. In the past decade, several studies have provided evidence on the contribution of sexual activity to BV. However, it is difficult to state that BV is a STI without being able to identify the etiologic agent. BV has also emerged as a public health problem due to its association with other STIs, including: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). The most recent evidence on the association between BV and CT/NG infection comes from two secondary analyses of cohort data conducted among women attending STI clinics. Based on these studies, women with BV had a 1.8 and 1.9-fold increased risk for NG and CT infection, respectively. Taken together, BV is likely a risk factor or at least an important contributor to subsequent NG or CT infection in high-risk women. Additional research is required to determine whether this association is also present in other low-risk sexually active populations, such as among women in the US military. It is essential to conduct large scale cross-sectional or population-based case-control studies to investigate the role of BV as a risk factor for CT/NG infections. These studies could lead to the development of interventions aimed at reducing the burden associated with bacterial STIs worldwide.
“…Sanita C, et al (2015) also reported that 35 of the total 52 pregnant patients with bacterial vaginosis were detected in the presence of enzyme activity levels of the enzyme sialidase with a median of 10.3 ng/ml (range 0.0-163.3 ng/ml) were correlated with preterm labour and membranes ruptured. 11 In this study, vaginal sialidase levels in threatened of preterm labour median result of 736.41 pg/ml (73.641 ng/ml). The results of these studies support the conclusion that the bacteria associated with an enzyme that affects the mucosal barrier that can provide entry for bacteria into the reproductive tract that will cause a local infection in the birth canal.…”
Objective: To investigate the association between vaginalsialidase levels and threatened of preterm labor.Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. Subjects weredivided into two groups; the first group were pregnant women withthreatened of preterm labour, whereas the second were pretermpregnant women in Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado hospitals andnetwork hospitals, during the period between August 2016 andOctober 2016. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 to see thesignificancy levels.Results: From the 16 pregnant women with threatened ofpreterm labor and 16 pregnant women with preterm pregnant,the statistical t test showed that there were significant differencesaverage level of sialidase vagina between the threatened ofpreterm labor and preterm pregnant group (p = 0.000).Conclusion: There is a relationship between the incidencethreatened of preterm labor with vaginal sialidase levels.Keywords: bacteria, threat of preterm labour, vaginal sialidase
“…При воспалительных заболеваниях вульвы и влагалища также отмечается повышение синтеза ФНО-альфа и ИЛ-1, в т. ч. и у беременных пациенток [9][10][11]. Повы шенный цитокиновый фон, высокая активность G. vagi nalis на фоне дополнительной супрессии нормальной микрофлоры влагалища антисептиками могут провоцировать быструю гибель нормальных клеток слизистой в зоне воспаления в результате процесса пироптоза [12,13].…”
Section: патогенетическое обоснование применения бензидамина при острunclassified
Local inflammatory diseases caused by various infections are one of the most common pathologies in medical practice. For example, tonsillopharyngitis. This disease is extremely frequent for a physician’s practice. There is a fair amount of drugs, which supposed to be helpful against tonsillopharyngitis, but different drugs are also not the same in their pharmacological effects. In gynecological practice, frequent diseases are specific and non-specific vulvovaginitis, which have inflammatory and infectious components. For administrating local pharmacotherapy in gynecology against inflammation, a large number of drugs with different mechanisms of action are proposed. In this study, we focused on key pathological mechanisms associated with acute and chronic inflammation, for which these drugs should be exposed by their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The best combination of these properties is available for benzydamine hydrochloride. Benzydamine hydrochloride has a wide antimicrobic activity against bacteria and Candida spices both albicans and non-albicans strains and allows to influence on etiologic cause of the disease. Also benzydamine hydrochloride associated with «cytokine» mechanism of anti-inflammatory action, which means that he does not affect COX enzymes and it allows to avoid gastrotoxic adverse events. Also, in this work showed and discussed aspects of the interaction of benzydamine with local immune system and justification of useful usage the benzydamine for local therapy of acute and chronic inflammatory processes caused by various infections.
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