Bacterial Vaginosis, Atopobium vaginae and Nifuratel

Polatti, Franco

doi:10.2174/157488412799218824

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The major metabolic product is lactic acid. Susceptibility to metronidazole is variable, with the MIC ranging from 8 to 256 g/ml; however, A. vaginae is susceptible to clindamycin and nifuratel (79).…”

Section: Atopobium Vaginaementioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Microbiome during Bacterial Vaginosis

2016

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SUMMARYBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most commonly reported microbiological syndrome among women of childbearing age. BV is characterized by a shift in the vaginal flora from the dominantLactobacillusto a polymicrobial flora. BV has been associated with a wide array of health issues, including preterm births, pelvic inflammatory disease, increased susceptibility to HIV infection, and other chronic health problems. A number of potential microbial pathogens, singly and in combinations, have been implicated in the disease process. The list of possible agents continues to expand and includes members of a number of genera, includingGardnerella,Atopobium,Prevotella,Peptostreptococcus,Mobiluncus,Sneathia,Leptotrichia,Mycoplasma, and BV-associated bacterium 1 (BVAB1) to BVAB3. Efforts to characterize BV using epidemiological, microscopic, microbiological culture, and sequenced-based methods have all failed to reveal an etiology that can be consistently documented in all women with BV. A careful analysis of the available data suggests that what we term BV is, in fact, a set of common clinical signs and symptoms that can be provoked by a plethora of bacterial species with proinflammatory characteristics, coupled to an immune response driven by variability in host immune function.

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Section: Atopobium Vaginaementioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Microbiome during Bacterial Vaginosis

2016

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“…Only nifuratel and rifaximin have shown strong in vitro activity against the resistant and problematic etiological agents A. vaginae, G. vaginalis, and Mobiluncus spp. without nonbeneficial effects on lactobacilli (12,33,34). New studies have presented data that demonstrate that the known antibiotic therapy alone is not a viable option for the eradication of the BV-related bacteria in biofilm; rather, combinations of antimicrobial drugs, disinfectants, and probiotics are more useful (18,(35)(36)(37)(38).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplex PCR detection of problematic pathogens of clinically heterogeneous bacterial vaginosis in Bulgarian women

Tosheva-Daskalova¹,

Mitov²,

Gergova³

2017

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the prevalence of problematic pathogens and the clinical status of women with bacterial vaginosis (BV).Materials and methods: Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, and Mobiluncus spp. were detected using a multiplex PCR assay, and their role in the infection of Bulgarian women with clinically heterogeneous BV was evaluated. Results:The predominant BV-associated pathogen identified was G. vaginalis with an incidence of 98.39%, followed by A. vaginae (68.05%) and Mobiluncus spp. at 17.01%. The coexistence of A. vaginae and G. vaginalis was more common in women with discharge (in 72.04%) and in patients with chronic recurrent BV than among asymptomatic or newly diagnosed BV cases (P < 0.05). Mobiluncus spp. was detected mostly in coinfections, in association with Trichomonas vaginalis. The coinfections were predominantly related to recurrent BV and with complications (P < 0.05). Conclusion:This is the first study about the correlation between problematic pathogens and clinically heterogeneous BV in Bulgarian women. High frequency of infection with key BV-related pathogens was observed in childbearing women. The incidence was shown to often correlate with coexistent T. vaginalis, with severity of infection, and with complicated and recurrent BV after unsuccessful treatments. Screening should be considered in reproductive health programs.

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“…Newly-found anaerobes such Atopobium vaginalis have also been added to this list of anaerobes naturally occurring in the vagina. 8 Fortunately, most of these anaerobes can be controlled by metronidazole. 2,4 Important pathogens that should be distinguished from bacterial vaginosis-causing anaerobes include Chlamydia trachomatis and trichomoniasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of intravaginal and oral metronidazole in patients with bacterial vaginosis

Han

Chung

2017

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Metronidazole is considered an effective treatment for bacterial vaginosis. Only oral preparations were available until 2014, but an intravaginal gel preparation recently became commercially available in South Korea. In this report, the efficacy and safety of metronidazole intravaginal gel application was compared to that of the conventional oral metronidazole preparation.Methods: Patients who were treated with either intravaginal metronidazole or oral metronidazole after diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis were included in this study. Patient characteristics, mode of treatment, recurrence rate, and complications including gastro-intestinal discomfort and concomitant vulvovaginal candidiasis were analyzed.Results: There were no differences in patient characteristics, except the mean age was older in the intravaginal group. Treatment outcomes were similar in both groups. In the oral metronidazole group, 6.3% of patients reported ongoing symptoms of bacterial vaginosis within one month of treatment and required a refill, while 7.3% of the intravaginal group required a refill. Significantly more patients on oral metronidazole treatment complained about gastro-intestinal discomfort including nausea (13.4%) and diarrhea (9.4%). Patients who took intravaginal metronidazole complained about increased watery vaginal discharge (26.8%). The comparatively high cost of metronidazole intravaginal gel was another factor that could affect patient access to this treatment versus the oral preparation. The incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis was similar between groups (oral 3.9%, intravaginal 4.9%).Conclusions: Intravaginal metronidazole usage can be considered as an effective alternative treatment for bacterial vaginosis in patients with gastro-intestinal complications. However, the increased incidence of watery vaginal discharge and high cost remain obstacles to widespread use of the intravaginal preparation.

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Bacterial Vaginosis, Atopobium vaginae and Nifuratel

Cited by 46 publications

References 41 publications

The Human Microbiome during Bacterial Vaginosis

The Human Microbiome during Bacterial Vaginosis

Multiplex PCR detection of problematic pathogens of clinically heterogeneous bacterial vaginosis in Bulgarian women

Comparison of intravaginal and oral metronidazole in patients with bacterial vaginosis

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