Bacterial translocation is downregulated by anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody administration in rats with cirrhosis and ascites

Francés, Rubén; Chiva, M.; Sánchez, Elisabet; González‐Navajas, José M.; Llovet, Teresa; Zapater, Pedro; Soriano, Germán; Muñoz, Carlos; Balanzó, J.; Pérez‐Mateo, Miguel; Song, Xiaoyu; Guarner, Carlos; Such, José

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.11.018

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Other promising approaches reported to ameliorate BT in experimental cirrhosis include orally administered conjugated bile acids, cholylsarcosine,159 insulin-like growth factor I)160 and anti-tumour necrosis factor 161. Probiotics have been reported to correct bacterial overgrowth, stabilise mucosal barrier function, improve neutrophil function and decrease BT in experimental liver failure 162 163.…”

Section: Prevention Of Sbpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond

Wiest

Krag

Gerbes

2011

Gut

333

298

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Section: Prevention Of Sbpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond

Wiest

Krag

Gerbes

2011

Gut

333

298

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“…Previous studies using microbiological culture and conventional PCR to detect bacterial DNA have shown that bacterial translocation to MLNs is rare in control rats and occurs between 37 and 87% of the cirrhotic rats with ascites [9,30,31,32,33]. Moreover, the bacterial translocation in these studies was mostly monomicrobial and less frequently bimicrobial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Microbiome Composition by Pyrosequencing in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes of Rats with CCl<sub>4</sub>-Induced Cirrhosis

et al. 2013

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Background: The cross talk between the gut microbiota and the immune system, which is essential to maintain homeostasis, takes place at the intestinal lymphoid tissue such as the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Here, we investigated the presence of bacterial DNA in MLNs of control and cirrhotic rats and its relationship with inflammatory responses. Methods: The MLN microbiome of cirrhotic rats with ascites, which was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), was compared to that of control rats using quantitative real-time PCR and pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Cytokines in blood samples were assessed by ELISA. Results: Unexpectedly, sequence analysis revealed a high microbial diversity in the MLNs of both control and cirrhotic rats with Proteobacteria as one of the most dominant phylum. CCl₄-induced liver injury was not associated with a change in bacterial load, but it was linked to a decrease in microbial diversity (p < 0.05) and alterations in the microbial community in MLNs. A high proportion of Bifidobacterium animalis was also positively correlated with elevated interleukin-10 expression (p = 0.002, false discovery rate = 0.03, r = 0.94). Conclusions: For the first time, the high microbial diversity observed in MLNs of both controls and CCl₄-induced cirrhotic rats provides evidence that bacterial translocation is more than a mere dichotomic phenomenon.

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“…Therefore, the pharmacological effects of oxymatrine may be ascribed to the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the decrease in cytokines expression. It has also been demonstrated that cytokine blockade with anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody can decrease the incidence of BT in cirrhotic rats with ascites [32], and the integrity of intestinal barrier can be preserved in the IL-6 knockout mice [33]. In addition, Yang et al [24] showed that salvianolate inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 and ameliorated intestinal mucosal injury of cirrhotic rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxymatrine Improves Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function Involving NF-κB-Mediated Signaling Pathway in CCl4-Induced Cirrhotic Rats

et al. 2014

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Accumulating evidence suggests that intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic cirrhosis and its complications such as gastrointestinal injury and hepatic encephalopathy. To date, there is no cure for cirrhosis-associated intestinal mucosal lesion and ulcer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oxymatrine on intestinal epithelial barrier function and the underlying mechanism in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced cirrhotic rats. Thirty CCl4-induced cirrhotic rats were randomly divided into treatment group, which received oxymatrine treatment (63 mg/kg), and non-treatment group, which received the same dose of 5% glucose solution (vehicle). The blank group (n = 10 healthy rats) received no treatment. Terminal ileal samples were collected for histopathological examination. The expression level of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in ileal tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The gene and protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in ileal tissues were analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Additionally, plasma endotoxin level was determined. In comparison to the blank group, a significant alteration in the morphology of intestinal mucosal villi in the non-treatment group was observed. The intestinal mucosal villi were atrophic, shorter, and fractured, and inflammatory cells were infiltrated into the lamina propria and muscular layer. Besides, serious swell of villi and loose structure of mucous membrane were observed. Oxymatrine reversed the CCl4-induced histological changes and restored intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, oxymatrine reduced the protein expression level of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and IL-6, which were elevated in the vehicle-treated group. In addition, the serum endotoxin level was significantly decreased after oxymatrine treatment in CCl4-induced cirrhotic rats. The results indicate that oxymatrine improves intestinal barrier function via NF-κB-mediated signaling pathway and may be used as a new protecting agent for cirrhosis-associated intestinal mucosal damage.

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Bacterial translocation is downregulated by anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody administration in rats with cirrhosis and ascites

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond

Microbiome Composition by Pyrosequencing in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes of Rats with CCl<sub>4</sub>-Induced Cirrhosis

Oxymatrine Improves Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function Involving NF-κB-Mediated Signaling Pathway in CCl4-Induced Cirrhotic Rats

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