Bacterial sulfate reduction and pyrite formation in a polluted sand aquifer

Sulfur isotope fractionation during growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria on various carbon sources

“…Interestingly, this tends to agree with the fact that values at some contaminated sites (9.5-21‰; Bottrell et al, 1995;Asmussen and Strauch, 1998;Spence et al, 2001) seemed to be higher than in uncontaminated freshwater aquifer environments, where organic acids may be dominant carbon sources (9.7-15.5‰; Strebel et al, 1990;Robertson and Schiff, 1994). However, addition of organic acids (acetate, lactate, propionate, and butyrate) lead to similarly high values for SO 4 2Ϫ reduction ( ϭ 16.1-25.7‰; Kleikemper et al, 2002b) as when heating oil was the main carbon source ( ϭ 20.2-22.8‰; Schroth et al, 2001) during field push-pull tests in the same aquifer.…”

“…Methods based on stable carbon isotopes were successfully used to characterize and quantify biologic processes in the subsurface Meckenstock et al, 2002). So far, sulfur isotope fractionation has been used qualitatively to indicate microbial SO 4 2Ϫ reduction in contaminated aquifers (Arneth and Hoefs, 1989;Bottrell et al, 1995;Alewell and Giesemann, 1996;Asmussen and Strauch, 1998;Schroth et al, 2001). However, to quantitatively use sulfur isotope fractionation at a field site, the enrichment factor () has to be known a priori with reasonable accuracy (Aggarwal et al, 1997).…”

Effect of Molybdate and Cell Growth on S-Isotope Fractionation During Bacterial Sulfate Reduction

“…Dissimilatory sulfate reduction is an important transformation process in the anaerobic zone of polluted soils and aquifers (Bottrell et al 1995;Bolliger et al 2001;Gooddy et al 2002). This process is also considered to account for up to 50% of degradation of organic matter in wastewater-treatment biofilms (Ito et al 2002).…”

Geochemical, Microbiological, and Geophysical Assessments of Anaerobic Immobilization of Heavy Metals

“…SRB metabolism causes iron sulfide minerals to precipitate in marine sediments, wetlands, lacustrine sediments, or wherever there is a source of sulfate and an easily degradable source of organic carbon (Morse et al, 1987;Jakobsen and Postma, 1994). In addition, zones of active biogenic sulfate reduction and iron-sulfide precipitation in groundwater have been documented around leaking landfills (Lyngkilde and Christensen, 1992;Bottrell et al, 1995). SRB are ubiquitous in natural aqueous environments even under predominantly aerobic conditions (Jones et al, 1989;Canfield and Des Marais, 1991;Chapelle, 1993).…”