Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents used in fish farming: A critical evaluation of method and meaning

Smith, Peter; Hiney, Maura; Samuelsen, Ole Bent

doi:10.1016/0959-8030(94)90032-9

Cited by 257 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…The development and spread of antimicrobial resistant human pathogens (motile Aeromonas spp., E. tarda, Escherichia coli, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae etc.) were well-documented (WHO, 1999); aquatic bacteria can also develop resistance genes as a consequence of exposure to antimicrobial agents (Smith et al, 1994;Kim et al, 2004;Sørum, 2006). Also, the occurrence of antimicrobial residues in products of aquaculture threat human health (WHO, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics in aquaculture of China — Current state, problems and prospect

et al. 2009

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics in aquaculture of China — Current state, problems and prospect

et al. 2009

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“…Antimicrobials are effective for preventing and controlling diseases in livestock and are widely used for similar purposes in aquaculture, although less information is available about effective and prudent use practices in this industry (36). In contrast to the research done on animals and humans, limited information is available about antimicrobial use in aquaculture, in particular in countries without national surveillance and registration of antimicrobial usage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Bacterial Flora and Antimicrobial Resistance in Raw Frozen Cultured Seafood Imported to Denmark

Uddin

Larsen

Guardabassi

et al. 2013

Journal of Food Protection

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Intensified aquaculture includes the use of antimicrobials for disease control. In contrast to the situation in livestock, Escherichia coli and enterococci are not part of the normal gastrointestinal flora of fish and shrimp and therefore not suitable indicators of antimicrobial resistance in seafood. In this study, the diversity and phenotypic characteristics of the bacterial flora in raw frozen cultured and wild-caught shrimp and fish were evaluated to identify potential indicators of antimicrobial resistance. The bacterial flora cultured on various agar media at different temperatures yielded total viable counts of 4.0 ×104 to 3.0 × 105 CFU g−1. Bacterial diversity was indicated by 16S rRNA sequence analysis of 84 isolates representing different colony types; 24 genera and 51 species were identified. Pseudomonas spp. (23% of isolates), Psychrobacter spp. (17%), Serratia spp. (13%), Exiguobacterium spp. (7%), Staphylococcus spp. (6%), and Micrococcus spp. (6%) dominated. Disk susceptibility testing of 39 bacterial isolates to 11 antimicrobials revealed resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, erythromycin, and third generation cephalosporins. Resistance to third generation cephalosporins was found in Pseudomonas, a genus naturally resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics, and in Staphylococcus hominis. Half of the isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Results indicate that identification of a single bacterial resistance indicator naturally present in seafood at point of harvest is unlikely. The bacterial flora found likely represents a processing rather than a raw fish flora because of repeated exposure of raw material to water during processing. Methods and appropriate indicators, such as quantitative PCR of resistance genes, are needed to determine how antimicrobials used in aquaculture affect resistance of bacteria in retailed products.

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“…Development of bacterial resistance as a result of antibacterial use is of high concern in all culture environments and has raised considerable debate in human and veterinary medicine, including aquaculture (SMITH et al, 1994;ALDERMAN & HASTINGS, 1998;ANGULO, 1999;SORUM, 1999;ANGULO, 2000;ANDERSON et al, 2003;ANGULO, 2004;CABELLO, 2004;2006 (SERRANO, 2005;SORUM, 2006).…”

Section: Development and Dissemination Of Bacterial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial drugs in products originating from aquaculture: assessing the risks to public welfare

2010

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As aquaculture expands to meet human demand and compensate for pessimistic forecasts of fisheries catches, use of antibacterial agents to combat or forestall bacterial diseases is still a necessity, although effective vaccines and improved hygiene have aided drastically in this battle. The hazards for the consumer perspective arising from the imprudent use of such chemicals can be detrimental, especially if the residues persist above legal tolerance. These may include selection and dissemination of resistant bacteria, disruption of the colonization barrier in the human intestinal flora and allergic reactions. In cases that unlawful drugs reached the consumer via consumption of aquatic products, human health may be jeopardized even further. The present review article assesses these risks to human health.

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Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents used in fish farming: A critical evaluation of method and meaning

Cited by 257 publications

References 172 publications

Probiotics in aquaculture of China — Current state, problems and prospect

Probiotics in aquaculture of China — Current state, problems and prospect

Bacterial Flora and Antimicrobial Resistance in Raw Frozen Cultured Seafood Imported to Denmark

Antibacterial drugs in products originating from aquaculture: assessing the risks to public welfare

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