Bacterial Pneumonia among HIV-Infected Patients: Decreased Risk After Tobacco Smoking Cessation. ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort, 2000–2007

Bénard, Antoine; Mercié, P.; Alioum, Ahmadou; Bonnet, Fabrice; Lazaro, Estibaliz; Dupon, M.; Néau, Didier; Dabis, François; Chêne, Geneviève

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008896

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The incidence of CAP was reported in 16 studies, from Denmark (n=2),17 18 France (n=3),24 26 29 Germany (n=1),36 Italy (n=2),27 37 Spain (n=5)16 25 38–40 and the UK (n=3) 19 41 42. Data are summarised in table 2, with more details available in online supplementary table S2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review

Torres

Peetermans

Viegi

et al. 2013

Thorax

548

434

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BackgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) causes considerable morbidity and mortality in adults, particularly in the elderly.MethodsStructured searches of PubMed were conducted to identify up-to-date information on the incidence of CAP in adults in Europe, as well as data on lifestyle and medical risk factors for CAP.ResultsThe overall annual incidence of CAP in adults ranged between 1.07 to 1.2 per 1000 person-years and 1.54 to 1.7 per 1000 population and increased with age (14 per 1000 person-years in adults aged ≥65 years). Incidence was also higher in men than in women and in patients with chronic respiratory disease or HIV infection. Lifestyle factors associated with an increased risk of CAP included smoking, alcohol abuse, being underweight, having regular contact with children and poor dental hygiene. The presence of comorbid conditions, including chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, dementia, dysphagia, HIV or chronic renal or liver disease all increased the risk of CAP by twofold to fourfold.ConclusionA range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions are associated with an increased risk of CAP in European adults. Understanding of the types of individual at greatest risk of CAP can help to ensure that interventions to reduce the risk of infection and burden of disease are targeted appropriately.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review

Torres

Peetermans

Viegi

et al. 2013

Thorax

548

434

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Benard et al 29 reported that PLWHA who had at least 1 year of abstinence from smoking experienced substantial reductions in the rates of bacterial pneumonia compared with individuals who continued to smoke. Furthermore, although rates of bacterial pneumonia were higher among individuals who had greater HIV-related immunodeficiency (as measured by HIV RNA and CD4 count), there was no interaction between immunodeficiency and smoking status on incidence of infection.…”

Section: Health Benefits Of Quitting Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Cessation for People Living With HIV/AIDS: A Literature Review and Synthesis

Ledgerwood

Yskes

2016

NICTOB

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Introduction: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are more likely to smoke cigarettes than are individuals in the general population. The health implications of tobacco use are substantially more dire among PLWHA than among otherwise healthy smokers, including higher rates of various cancers, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and lung infections. Efficacious behavioral and medication treatments for treating nicotine dependence have rarely been investigated in PLWHA. Methods: We present a review of studies examining the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions. Results and Conclusions:The literature reveals some limited evidence for the efficacy of behavioral interventions. However, the research literature on these interventions is sparse and the efficacy findings are mixed. Studies exploring the use of mobile technologies for reducing treatment barriers are becoming more prevalent. Few published trials have directly examined the efficacy of pharmacological smoking cessation interventions among PLWHA. Specific gaps in the treatment literature are discussed in detail, and a strategy is presented for developing a greater understanding of factors that contribute to the efficacy of smoking cessation among PLWHA. Implications: This paper provides the most comprehensive review to date on smoking cessation intervention research conducted with PLWHA. It also discusses specific gaps in the literature that should be a priority for future research.

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“…Importantly, cessation of cigarette smoking by HIV-infected individuals significantly decreases the risk of development of IPD and other pneumococcal infections, irrespective of the degree of immunodeficiency [99,[101][102][103][104].…”

Section: Clinical Consequences Of the Cumulative Effects Of Hiv Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders

2015

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HIV-infected persons not only have higher rates of smoking than the general population, but are also unusually vulnerable to the associated adverse health effects, both infective and noninfective in origin. Indeed, in the setting of well-organised care and availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected smokers lose more life-years to smoking than to HIV infection per se, presenting a major challenge to healthcare providers. Not surprisingly, the respiratory system is particularly susceptible to the damaging interactive chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of HIV and smoking, intensifying the risk of the development of opportunistic infections, as well as lung cancer and obstructive lung disorders. The impact of smoking on the immunopathogenesis and frequencies of these respiratory conditions in the setting of HIV infection, as well as on the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy, represent the primary focus of this review. @ERSpublications Smoking exacerbates the immunosuppressive/pro-inflammatory effects of HIV, increasing the risk of pulmonary disease

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Bacterial Pneumonia among HIV-Infected Patients: Decreased Risk After Tobacco Smoking Cessation. ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort, 2000–2007

Cited by 56 publications

References 32 publications

Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review

Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review

Smoking Cessation for People Living With HIV/AIDS: A Literature Review and Synthesis

Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders

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