Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits Influenza Virus Infection of Human Macrophages and the Consequent Induction of CD8+ T Cell Immunity

Short, Kirsty R.; Vissers, Marloes; Kleijn, Stan de; Zomer, Aldert; Kedzierska, Katherine; Grant, Emma J.; Reading, Patrick C.; Hermans, Peter W. M.; Ferwerda, Gerben; Diavatopoulos, Dimitri A.

doi:10.1159/000353905

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These interactions can be either direct 118,119 or indirect through the host immune system. For example, infection by influenza virus was shown to be less efficient following immune priming by lipopoly saccharide (LPS)mediated TLR4 activation of innate immune cells 120,121 .…”

Section: T Helper 17 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health

2017

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The respiratory tract is a complex organ system that is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The human respiratory tract spans from the nostrils to the lung alveoli and is inhabited by niche-specific communities of bacteria. The microbiota of the respiratory tract probably acts as a gatekeeper that provides resistance to colonization by respiratory pathogens. The respiratory microbiota might also be involved in the maturation and maintenance of homeostasis of respiratory physiology and immunity. The ecological and environmental factors that direct the development of microbial communities in the respiratory tract and how these communities affect respiratory health are the focus of current research. Concurrently, the functions of the microbiome of the upper and lower respiratory tract in the physiology of the human host are being studied in detail. In this Review, we will discuss the epidemiological, biological and functional evidence that support the physiological role of the respiratory microbiota in the maintenance of human health.

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Section: T Helper 17 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health

2017

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“…Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to protect mice against HPAI virus infection through toll‐like receptor stimulation and might explain the relative mildness of the illness seen in our rural population, as none of them were subsequently hospitalized or died. Bacterial LPS has also been shown to inhibit the induction of CD8+ T‐cell immunity by influenza virus infection . One possibility is that high levels of bacterial LPS in the environment, by suppressing T‐cell responses, increase the ratio of asymptomatic to symptomatic influenza virus infections, leading to our observed higher rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Bacterial LPS has also been shown to inhibit the induction of CD8+ Tcell immunity by influenza virus infection. 37 One possibility is that high levels of bacterial LPS in the environment, by suppressing T-cell responses, increase the ratio of asymptomatic to symptomatic influenza virus infections, leading to our observed higher rates. Our observation that the relationship is dose-dependent supports this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Demographic and ecological risk factors for human influenza A virus infections in rural Indonesia

Root

Agustian

Kartasasmita

et al. 2017

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundIndonesia has the world's highest reported mortality for human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus. Indonesia is an agriculturally driven country where human‐animal mixing is common and provides a unique environment for zoonotic influenza A virus transmission.ObjectivesTo identify potential demographic and ecological risk factors for human infection with seasonal influenza A viruses in rural Indonesia, a population‐based study was conducted in Cileunyi and Soreang subdistricts near Bandung in western Java from 2008 to 2011.MethodsPassive influenza surveillance with RT‐PCR confirmation of influenza A viral RNA in respiratory specimens was utilized for case ascertainment. A population census and mapping were utilized for population data collection. The presence of influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infections in a household was modeled using Generalized Estimating Equations.ResultsEach additional child aged <5 years in a household increased the odds of H3N2 approximately 5 times (OR=4.59, 95%CI: 3.30‐6.24) and H1N1pdm09 by 3.5 times (OR=3.53, 95%CI: 2.51‐4.96). In addition, the presence of 16‐30 birds in the house was associated with an increased odds of H3N2 (OR=5.08, 95%CI: 2.00‐12.92) and H1N1pdm09 (OR=12.51 95%CI: 6.23‐25.13).ConclusionOur findings suggest an increase in influenza A virus infections in rural Indonesian households with young children and poultry.

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“…The Lipopolysacharrides (LPS) that is present at the surface of Gram-negative bacteria [76] plays probably a role in the acquisition or severity of viral respiratory infections as an in vitro model has demonstrated that pre-stimulation of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) with LPS could reduce the infectivity of influenza A [77]. It has been also demonstrated that the adequacy of the antiviral immune response could be driven by LPS signaling.…”

Section: Mechanisms Possibly Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between nasopharyngeal microbiota and patient’s susceptibility to viral infection

Dubourg

Edouard

Raoult

2019

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Introduction: The burden of respiratory viral infections is a global public health concern with significant mortality, morbidity, and economic impact. While Koch's postulate led to considering only the etiological agent, numerous works have demonstrated that commensal microbes could contribute to both the susceptibility and the severity of these infections, in particular those of the nasopharynx. Areas covered: Herein, we first propose to briefly recall the historical background that led to considering microbes inhabiting the nasopharyngeal microbiota as a potential contributor to human viral infections. We describe the evolution of the normal nasopharyngeal microbiota composition over time, especially during the first year of life. We aimed to resume the changes of the nasopharyngeal microbiota during viral respiratory infections. We also develop how nasopharyngeal microbiota could contribute to the acquisition of respiratory viral infections. We finally provide the potential therapeutic perspectives deriving from these findings. Expert opinion: Prospective studies focusing on children have identified that nasopharyngeal microbiota composition is associated with predisposition to acute respiratory illness and bronchiolitis, while data are scarce regarding adults. For the latter, further works are needed, in particular as a part of the multi-OMICS approach that should probably be performed in conjunction with gut microbiota studies.

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Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits Influenza Virus Infection of Human Macrophages and the Consequent Induction of CD8+ T Cell Immunity

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health

The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health

Demographic and ecological risk factors for human influenza A virus infections in rural Indonesia

Relationship between nasopharyngeal microbiota and patient’s susceptibility to viral infection

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