Bacterial keratitis in Christchurch, New Zealand, 1997–2001

Hall, Reece C; McKellar, Malcolm J.

doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.2004.00867.x

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Among the bacteria isolated, Gram-positive cocci continue to be the most frequent agent, with a similar rate compared to the other studies in both elderly and age-independent series (17,20,26,(28)(29)(32)(33)(34)(35)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43) . The incidence of Gram-negative bacilli was a little higher, which could be explained by geographical variation in the microbial flora of our patients (2,(14)(15)44) .…”

Section: Microbiologysupporting

confidence: 51%

Microbial keratitis in the elderly: a 32-year review

Passos¹,

Cariello²,

Yu³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Purpose: To describe the demographic characteristics, associated factors and causative agents of infectious keratitis in the elderly in a tertiary referral center in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients aged 60 years and over with a presumptive diagnosis of infectious keratitis who had material collected for microbiological analysis, between the years 1975 and 2007 (32-year span). Results: From a total of 7,060 age-independent cases of microbial keratitis, 1,545 cases in the elderly were reviewed, which had a mean age of 71.0 ± 7.8 years, ranging from 60 to 101 years. There were 707 males (45.6%) and 838 females (54.3%). Associated factors were: past ocular surgery (25.1%), ocular trauma (7.2%) and contact lens use (3.0%). Bacterioscopy was positive in 40.5% of cases. Culture positivity for any agent was 53.5% (bacteria 47.0%, fungi 6.1%, Acanthamoeba 0.4%). The most frequent bacteria were the grampositive cocci (mostly coagulase-negative Staphylococci) and gram-negative bacilli (mostly the genera Pseudomonas, Moraxella and Proteus), while the most frequent fungi were the filamentous (mostly the genus Fusarium). Conclusions: This study represents a large series of microbial keratitis in the elderly in a single referral center. The most important factor associated with this condition in the elderly was past ocular surgery. The most frequent causative agents were bacteria, especially gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli. Keywords

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Section: Microbiologysupporting

confidence: 51%

Microbial keratitis in the elderly: a 32-year review

Passos¹,

Cariello²,

Yu³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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“…Staphylococcus spp. is reported as a leading cause of bacterial keratitis in other studies conducted in South America [10,18], New Zealand [28], United States [29], South India [11] and Australia [30]. In several series from the southern part of the United States [31], North China [32] and Taiwan [33], Pseudomonas spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Microbial keratitis at a referral center in Brazil

Cariello

Passos

et al. 2011

Int Ophthalmol

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To describe the epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of microbial keratitis at a referral center in Brazil. Charts of all patients referred to the Ocular Microbiology Laboratory at Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) from July 1975 to September 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were recorded: age, gender, involved eye, use of ocular medication, previous trauma or surgery, contact lens wear and the results of laboratory cultures. The study included 6,804 corneal cultures. The mean age was 42.1 ± 21.4 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Positive cultures were obtained in 3,309 (48.6%) cases. Of these, bacteria were isolated in 2,699 (39.7%), fungi in 364 (5.3%) and Acanthamoeba in 246 (3.6%) samples. Positive bacterial cultures were 2.7-fold more frequent in patients with previous use of steroids (P < 0.01), and a 30% reduction in positive bacterial cultures was observed in patients with previous use of antibiotics (P < 0.01). A total of 1,524 patients (22.4%) had a past history of ocular surgery. Contact lens wearers showed a 1.7 times greater chance of having an Acanthamoeba-positive culture (P < 0.01). Previous ocular trauma was present in 1,118 (16.4%) cases and injury caused by plants showed a 3.8 times greater chance of a positive fungal culture (P < 0.01). Bacterial organisms were identified as the most frequent agent followed by fungi and Acanthamoeba. Prescription of steroids and antibiotics prior to corneal scrapings may modify the laboratory test results. Previous corneal surgery, contact lens wear and ocular trauma have been shown to be risk factors for bacterial, Acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis, respectively.

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“…Microbial keratitis is a sight-threatening disease in which early determination of the infective organism and knowledge of its sensitivities to specific antibiotics is essential for appropriate treatment and outcome [1]. One principle in the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers is prompt initiation of adequate antibiosis, which significantly reduces the incidence of both corneal scarring and severe complications [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%