Bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among patients with external ocular infections at Borumeda hospital, Northeast Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundBacteria are major cause of ocular infections and possible loss of vision. The emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria increases the risk of treatment failure with potentially serious consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among patients with external ocular infections.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among 160 patients with external ocular infections at Borumeda hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaire. External ocular specimens were collected using sterile swabs and inoculated on MacConkey agar, Chocolate agar and Blood agar culture Medias. Presumptive isolates were further identified by a series of biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates were determined by disk diffusion method.ResultThe overall prevalence of bacterial pathogens among external ocular samples was 59.4 %. The majority of the isolates (93.7 %; 89/95) were Gram positive and the other 6.3 % (6/95) Gram negative bacteria. The proportion of coagulase negative Staphylococci among the Gram positive bacterial isolates was 53.7 % (n = 51/95). All Gram positive isolates were susceptible for vancomycin but 67.4 % (n = 60/95) of them were resistant against amoxicillin. Moreover, drug resistance to tetracycline, norfloxacylin, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were observed among Gram negative bacteria isolates.ConclusionThe prevalence of bacterial pathogens among external ocular samples was high and the predominant isolate was coagulase negative Staphylococci. Exceptionally high amoxicillin resistance was observed among Gram positive bacterial isolates that may dictate to conduct drug susceptibility test routinely.

External ocular bacterial infections among Sudanese children at Khartoum State, Sudan

“…This is supported by other studies conducted in Ethiopia and Nigeria Shiferaw et al, 2015). Among the Gram positive bacteria, S. aureus was the most common pathogen with an overall prevalence of 30% equivalent to 52% of Gram positive bacteria.…”

“…Similar studies conducted in Ethiopia concluded that the prevalence was 54.2, 60.8, 59.4 and 60.8% (Anagaw et al, 2011;Muluye et al, 2014;Assefa et al, 2015;Shiferaw et al, 2015). Parallel works in India concluded the prevalence was 58.8 and 61% Ramesh et al, 2010).…”

A Study on the Etiologic Agents of Bacterial Eye Infections in Khartoum State

“…The drug susceptibility patterns of Gram positive cocci bacterial isolates showed a 100 % sensitivity pattern to vancomycin, which was similar to (Shirferaw et al) [9] However, all of the isolates were resistant to penicillin, similar to another study which showed 90-100% resistance(Hemavathi [10] , Tesfaye [11].…”

“…In the study done by (Shiferaw et al) [9] in 2015,160 specimens were taken from patients with external ocular infection, 95 (59.4 %) were positive for different bacterial species. The predominant isolates were belong to gram positive bacteria 93.7 % (89/95),which is supported by the present study .Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from(23.6 %, n = 21/89), which is much less than the isolated rate of the same organism in the present study which was(34%).…”

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from ear discharges of patients at University of Hawassa comprehensive specialized hospital

“…The resistance to most preferred agents to S.auerus infection like methicillin and Vancomyicn have dangerously increased compared to previous similar studies [20–22, 25, 26]. About 96.8% of S.aureus was cloxacillin/methicillin resistant (MRSA) and 74.2%was vancomycin resistant (VRSA).…”