Bacterial Infections

Winn, Washington C.; LaSala, P. Rocco; Leslie, Kevin O.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-68792-6_8

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 674 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A viral precursor might alleviate bacterial spread and subsequent infection. Necropsy reports of humans and chimpanzees are similar to the lesions of this chimpanzee [3,10,21]. Streptococcus pneumoniae is only easily demonstrated in early stages of the disease [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Necropsy reports of humans and chimpanzees are similar to the lesions of this chimpanzee [3,10,21]. Streptococcus pneumoniae is only easily demonstrated in early stages of the disease [21]. In this case culture failed to detect S. pneumoniae but their rather small alpha-hemolytic colonies could readily be overgrown by the other pathogens detected on the agar plates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lethal pneumonia in a captive juvenile chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) due to human‐transmitted human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae

Szentiks

Köndgen

Silinski

et al. 2009

J of Medical Primatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Lethal pneumonia in a captive juvenile chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) due to human‐transmitted human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae

Szentiks

Köndgen

Silinski

et al. 2009

J of Medical Primatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…P. aeruginosa infection is a common cause of pneumonia that can progress to sepsis and acute lung injury, especially in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, P. aeruginosa pneumonia is described to cause vasculitis and coagulative necrosis, indicating interaction of the bacterium with the lung microvascular endothelium (Winn et al 2008). …”

Section: Edema Factor: a Soluble Adenylyl Cyclasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exoenzyme Y: A Promiscuous Nucleotidyl Cyclase Edema Factor and Virulence Determinant

Morrow

Frank

Balczon

et al. 2016

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exoenzyme Y (ExoY) was identified as a component of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type 3 secretion system secretome in 1998. It is a common contributor to the arsenal of type 3 secretion system effectors, as it is present in approximately 90% of Pseudomonas isolates. ExoY has adenylyl cyclase activity that is dependent upon its association with a host cell cofactor. However, recent evidence indicates that ExoY is not just an adenylyl cyclase; rather, it is a promiscuous cyclase capable of generating purine and pyrimidine cyclic nucleotide monophosphates. ExoY’s enzymatic activity causes a characteristic rounding of mammalian cells, due to microtubule breakdown. In endothelium, this cell rounding disrupts cell-to-cell junctions, leading to loss of barrier integrity and an increase in tissue edema. Microtubule breakdown seems to depend upon tau phosphorylation, where the elevation of cyclic nucleotide monophosphates activates protein kinases A and G and causes phosphorylation of endothelial microtubule associated protein tau. Phosphorylation is a stimulus for tau release from microtubules, leading to microtubule instability. Phosphorylated tau accumulates inside endothelium as a high molecular weight, oligomeric form, and is then released from the cell. Extracellular high molecular weight tau causes a transmissible cytotoxicity that significantly hinders cellular repair following infection. Thus, ExoY may contribute to bacterial virulence in at least two ways; first, by microtubule breakdown leading to loss of endothelial cell barrier integrity, and second, by promoting release of a high molecular weight tau cytotoxin that impairs cellular recovery following infection.

show abstract

High-resolution computed tomography of chest complications in patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become a standard method for treating patients with hematological malignancies. Preconditioning chemotherapeutic drugs, total body irradiation (TBI), or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) can cause several chest complications after HSCT. Because immunosuppression is marked after HSCT, it takes at least 1 year for the immune system to recover completely. Therefore, several infectious and noninfectious complications may occur within the year after HSCT. HSCT-specific complications occur in a characteristic temporal sequence associated with the period following HSCT. During the neutropenic phase, bacterial pneumonia, fungal infection, pulmonary edema, and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage may occur. During the early phase, pneumocystis pneumonia, cytomegalovirus pneumonia, engraftment syndrome, and idiopathic pneumonia syndrome are the common complications. During the late phase, constrictive bronchiolitis and organizing pneumonia may occur probably associated with chronic GVHD. Although high-resolution CT findings lack specificity, the frequency and likelihood of occurrence of certain complications in certain phases and sometimes characteristic features (such as a CT halo sign for fungal infection) facilitate early detection of a life-threatening complication.

show abstract

Bacterial Infections

Cited by 5 publications

References 674 publications

Lethal pneumonia in a captive juvenile chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) due to human‐transmitted human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae

Lethal pneumonia in a captive juvenile chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) due to human‐transmitted human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exoenzyme Y: A Promiscuous Nucleotidyl Cyclase Edema Factor and Virulence Determinant

High-resolution computed tomography of chest complications in patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About