Bacterial Ice Nucleation

Wolber, Paul K.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60030-2

Cited by 121 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The discovery of biological ice nucleation opened new avenues of research ranging from such seemingly unrelated topics as winter survival of insects, snow making, and food processing (163). There are several excellent reviews on bacterial ice nucleation (175,178,294,296,297,313,314,316). We include here only a few aspects deemed relevant to our overall goal of generating interest in the leaf ecosystem and its bacterial inhabitants.…”

Section: Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That only a few bacterial species are ice nucleation active; that not all members within such species exhibit the phenotype; and the stochastic nature of the activity within strains that exhibit the phenotype have raised intriguing questions regarding the evolution and molecular basis for bacterial ice nucleation. Sequence analysis and biochemical characterization of ice genes and proteins have suggested some answers to these questions (292,295,314,316).…”

Section: Ice Nucleation-active Bacteria Genes and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteria in the Leaf Ecosystem with Emphasis onPseudomonas syringae—a Pathogen, Ice Nucleus, and Epiphyte

Hirano

Upper

2000

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

807

610

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SUMMARY The extremely large number of leaves produced by terrestrial and aquatic plants provide habitats for colonization by a diversity of microorganisms. This review focuses on the bacterial component of leaf microbial communities, with emphasis on Pseudomonas syringae—a species that participates in leaf ecosystems as a pathogen, ice nucleus, and epiphyte. Among the diversity of bacteria that colonize leaves, none has received wider attention than P. syringae, as it gained notoriety for being the first recombinant organism (Ice− P. syringae) to be deliberately introduced into the environment. We focus on P. syringae to illustrate the attractiveness and somewhat unique opportunities provided by leaf ecosystems for addressing fundamental questions of microbial population dynamics and mechanisms of plant-bacterium interactions. Leaf ecosystems are dynamic and ephemeral. The physical environment surrounding phyllosphere microbes changes continuously with daily cycles in temperature, radiation, relative humidity, wind velocity, and leaf wetness. Slightly longer-term changes occur as weather systems pass. Seasonal climatic changes impose still a longer cycle. The physical and physiological characteristics of leaves change as they expand, mature, and senesce and as host phenology changes. Many of these factors influence the development of populations of P. syringae upon populations of leaves. P. syringae was first studied for its ability to cause disease on plants. However, disease causation is but one aspect of its life strategy. The bacterium can be found in association with healthy leaves, growing and surviving for many generations on the surfaces of leaves as an epiphyte. A number of genes and traits have been identified that contribute to the fitness of P. syringae in the phyllosphere. While still in their infancy, such research efforts demonstrate that the P. syringae-leaf ecosystem is a particularly attractive system with which to bridge the gap between what is known about the molecular biology of genes linked to pathogenicity and the ecology and epidemiology of associated diseases as they occur in natural settings, the field.

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Section: Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ice Nucleation-active Bacteria Genes and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria in the Leaf Ecosystem with Emphasis onPseudomonas syringae—a Pathogen, Ice Nucleus, and Epiphyte

Hirano

Upper

2000

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

807

610

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“…Bacterial INPs contain three domains: a central domain of repeated octapeptides comprising approximately 81% of the total sequence, a unique Nterminal domain (15%), and a unique C-terminal domain (4%) (73). Alignment of AfpA with InaV isolated from P. syringae (accession number AJ001086) ( Table 6) (57) revealed blocks of amino acid sequence similarity with the central repeating domain of InaV that corresponds to the actual ice template (Fig.…”

Section: Vol 186 2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Expression of afpA , a Gene Encoding an Antifreeze Protein from the Arctic Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2

Muryoi

Sato²,

Kaneko³

et al. 2004

J Bacteriol

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The Arctic plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 secretes an antifreeze protein (AFP) that promotes survival at subzero temperatures. The AFP is unusual in that it also exhibits a low level of ice nucleation activity. A DNA fragment with an open reading frame encoding 473 amino acids was cloned by PCR and inverse PCR using primers designed from partial amino acid sequences of the isolated AFP. The predicted gene product, AfpA, had a molecular mass of 47.3 kDa, a pI of 3.51, and no previously known function. Although AfpA is a secreted protein, it lacked an N-terminal signal peptide and was shown by sequence analysis to have two possible secretion systems: a hemolysin-like, calcium-binding secretion domain and a type V autotransporter domain found in gram-negative bacteria. Expression of afpA in Escherichia coli yielded an intracellular 72-kDa protein modified with both sugars and lipids that exhibited lower levels of antifreeze and ice nucleation activities than the native protein. The 164-kDa AFP previously purified from P. putida GR12-2 was a lipoglycoprotein, and the carbohydrate was required for ice nucleation activity. Therefore, the recombinant protein may not have been properly posttranslationally modified. The AfpA sequence was most similar to cell wall-associated proteins and less similar to ice nucleation proteins (INPs). Hydropathy plots revealed that the amino acid sequence of AfpA was more hydrophobic than those of the INPs in the domain that forms the ice template, thus suggesting that AFPs and INPs interact differently with ice. To our knowledge, this is the first gene encoding a protein with both antifreeze and ice nucleation activities to be isolated and characterized.

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“…lux gene fusions have also been useful in studying the expression of virulence genes in plant pathogenic bacteria while in plants (Rogowsky et nl. 1987 to nearly 4 "C (Wolber 1993 Lindow, unpublished data). While the absolute amount of ice nucleation activity exhibited by bacterial species vary, all express at least some ice nucleation activity in response to the acquisition of an ice nucleation gene.…”

Section: Genes Confemng Bioluminescencementioning

confidence: 98%

The use of reporter genes in the study of microbial ecology

Lindow

1995

Molecular Ecology

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Bacterial Ice Nucleation

Cited by 121 publications

References 75 publications

Bacteria in the Leaf Ecosystem with Emphasis onPseudomonas syringae—a Pathogen, Ice Nucleus, and Epiphyte

Bacteria in the Leaf Ecosystem with Emphasis onPseudomonas syringae—a Pathogen, Ice Nucleus, and Epiphyte

Cloning and Expression of afpA , a Gene Encoding an Antifreeze Protein from the Arctic Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2

The use of reporter genes in the study of microbial ecology

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