Bacterial Genes Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids and Their Heterologous Expression

Okuyama, Hidetoshi; Orikasa, Yoshitake; Nishida, Takanori; Watanabe, Kazuo; Morita, Naoki

doi:10.1128/aem.02270-06

Cited by 120 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…C31:9 was found in all tested marine bacteria that produce EPA or DHA, as also found by Nichols et al [1]. The pfa genes responsible for the biosynthesis of EPA and DHA have been cloned from S. pneumatophori SCRC-2738, S. marinintestina IK-1, and M. marina MP-1 [3].…”

Section: Physicochemical Analysis Of C31:9supporting

confidence: 74%

“…The same compound (C31:9) was detected in marine and nonmarine, and psychrophilc and mesophilic bacteria, which contained EPA and/or DHA (Table 4). Based on our present results, previous studies on the bacterial distribution of PUFAs and pfa genes [3], and data on the predicted biosynthetic pathway of PUFAs in the polyketide synthesis mode [37,39,40], we will discuss the biosynthetic routes of C31:9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…( [37] and see accession numbers AF378327, AF378328, and AF378329). Although E. coli DH5 does not inherently produce EPA or DHA, the cells transformed with the pfa genes responsible for the biosynthesis of EPA and DHA produced EPA and DHA, respectively, but not C31:9 (Table 4 and see [3]). In contrast, the EPA-deficient mutant (strain IK-18) of S. marinintestina IK-1, in which one of the five pfa genes, pfaD gene, responsible for biosynthesis of EPA is defective [38], produced neither EPA nor C31:9.…”

Section: Distribution Of C31:9 In Various Microorganisms and Its Possmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the molecular structure of C31:9 has not been determined, and the relationship between these n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and C31:9 biosynthesis is not clear, although bacterial EPA and DHA are synthesized by the Pfa protein complex encoded by the pfaA, pfaB, pfaC, pfaD, and pfaE genes [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible Biosynthetic Pathways for all cis‐3,6,9,12,15,19,22,25,28‐Hentriacontanonaene in Bacteria

Sugihara

Hori

Nakanowatari

et al. 2009

Lipids

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A very long chain polyunsaturated hydrocarbon, hentriacontanonaene (C31:9), was detected in an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-producing marine bacterium, which was isolated from the mid-latitude seashore of Hokkaido, Japan, and was tentatively identified as mesophilic Shewanella sp. strain osh08 from 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The geometry and position of the double bonds in this compound were determined physicochemically to be all cis at positions 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 19, 22, 25, and 28. Although C31:9 was detected in all of the seven EPA-or/and docosahexaenoic acid-producing bacteria tested, an EPA-deficient mutant (strain IK-18) of one of these bacteria had no C31:9. Strain IK-18 had defects in the pfaD gene, one of the five pfa genes responsible for the biosynthesis of EPA.Although Escherichia coli DH5 does not produce EPA or DHA inherently, cells transformed with the pfa genes responsible for the biosynthesis of EPA and DHA produced EPA and DHA, respectively, but not C31:9. These results suggest that the Pfa protein complex is involved in the biosynthesis of C31:9 and that pfa genes must not be the only genes responsible for the formation of C31:9. In this report, we determined for the first time the molecular structure of the C31:9 and discuss the possible biosynthetic pathways of this compound. Key words

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Section: Physicochemical Analysis Of C31:9supporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Distribution Of C31:9 In Various Microorganisms and Its Possmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible Biosynthetic Pathways for all cis‐3,6,9,12,15,19,22,25,28‐Hentriacontanonaene in Bacteria

Sugihara

Hori

Nakanowatari

et al. 2009

Lipids

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“…4]. In contrast to PKSE, the region between the AT and KR for PUFA synthases consists of up to nine tandem ACP domains (33)(34)(35). Realizing that ACP is the ubiquitous anchor for all FAS and most PKS processes, we predicted that the central domain of PKSE is in fact a unique ACP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phosphopantetheinylating polyketide synthase producing a linear polyene to initiate enediyne antitumor antibiotic biosynthesis

Zhang¹,

Lanen

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

136

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The enediynes, unified by their unique molecular architecture and mode of action, represent some of the most potent anticancer drugs ever discovered. The biosynthesis of the enediyne core has been predicted to be initiated by a polyketide synthase (PKS) that is distinct from all known PKSs. Characterization of the enediyne PKS involved in C-1027 (SgcE) and neocarzinostatin (NcsE) biosynthesis has now revealed that (i) the PKSs contain a central acyl carrier protein domain and C-terminal phosphopantetheinyl transferase domain; (ii) the PKSs are functional in heterologous hosts, and coexpression with an enediyne thioesterase gene produces the first isolable compound, 1,3,5,7,9,11,13-pentadecaheptaene, in enediyne core biosynthesis; and (iii) the findings for SgcE and NcsE are likely shared among all nine-membered enediynes, thereby supporting a common mechanism to initiate enediyne biosynthesis.C-1027 ͉ neocarzinostatin ͉ phosphopantetheinyl transferase

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Production and Applications of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Ummalyma

Sindhu

Pandey

et al. 2019

High Value Fermentation Products

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Bacterial Genes Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids and Their Heterologous Expression

Cited by 120 publications

References 35 publications

Possible Biosynthetic Pathways for all cis‐3,6,9,12,15,19,22,25,28‐Hentriacontanonaene in Bacteria

Possible Biosynthetic Pathways for all cis‐3,6,9,12,15,19,22,25,28‐Hentriacontanonaene in Bacteria

A phosphopantetheinylating polyketide synthase producing a linear polyene to initiate enediyne antitumor antibiotic biosynthesis

Production and Applications of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

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