“…The most resistant state, produced by some bacteria, is known as an endospore. The endospore may exist for centuries, during which time they "exhibit complete metabolic dormancy and extreme resistance to multiple environmental insults" (Mury and Popham, 2014). A similar resistant state, known as a cyst, resting egg, or resting stage, is also common in a variety of protists (Corliss, 2001;Ross and Hallock, 2016), and phyto- (Ribeiro et al, 2011;Ellegaard and Ribeiro, 2018) and zooplankton (Gilbert, 1974;Ricci, 2001).…”