Bacterial Division: FtsZ Treadmills to Build a Beautiful Wall

Schoenemann, Kara M.; Margolin, William

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.019

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although each treadmilling filament moment is processive, in the same cell, different FtsZ protofilaments can move in the opposite direction. Thus, it appears that each unit of protofilament has its own directionality [7,52]. Occurring inside protofilaments or by treadmilling at the ends of protofilaments, the turnover in the FtsZ subunit, regulated by FtsZ GTPase activity, is proportional to treadmilling [53].…”

Section: Treadmilling Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

Rahman¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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The number of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains is currently increasing; thus, the determination of drug targets for the development of novel antimicrobial drugs is urgently needed. FtsZ, the prokaryotic homolog of the eukaryotic tubulin, is a GTP-dependent prokaryotic cytoskeletal protein that is conserved among most bacterial strains. In vitro studies revealed that FtsZ self-assembles into dynamic protofilaments or bundles, and it forms a dynamic Z-ring at the center of the cell, leading to septation and consequent cell division. The potential role of FtsZ in the blockage of cell division makes FtsZ a highly attractive target for developing novel antibiotics. Researchers have been working on synthetic molecules and natural products as inhibitors of FtsZ. Accumulating data suggest that FtsZ may provide the platform for the development of novel antibiotics. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the properties of FtsZ protein and bacterial cell division, as well as on the development of FtsZ inhibitors.

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Section: Treadmilling Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

Rahman¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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“…The dynamics of FtsZ ring is being very actively studied in experiments in recent times [6][7][8][9]. It is still not possible to observe the microscopic dynamics and one can at best study the average quantities like the average lifetime and length of the ring [12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Z-ring persists throughout the cell division. Recent studies on septal wall suggest that FtsZ monomers move around the ring via treadmilling which guides and regulates their growth, which in turn controls division [6][7][8][9][10]). The dynamic ring is a phenomena that is intrinsic to FtsZ and the importance of this contractile ring in cell division is well established by now.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ring topology in a stochastic model for Z-ring dynamics in bacteria

Ava

2018

Preprint

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Understanding the mechanisms responsible for dynamics of the Z-ring is important for our understanding of cell division in prokaryotic cells. In this work, we present a minimal stochastic model that qualititatively reproduces observations of polymerization, of formation of dynamic contractile ring that is stable for a long time and of depolymerization shown by FtsZ polymer. We explore different mechanisms for ring breaking and hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is known to regulate the dynamics of other tubulin polymers like microtubules. We find that the presence of the ring allows for an additional mechanism for regulating the dynamics of FtsZ polymers. Ring breaking dynamics in the presence of hydrolysis naturally induce rescue and catastrophe events, irrespective of the mechanism of hydrolysis. Based on our model, we conclude that the Z-ring undergoes random breaking and closing during the process of cell division.

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“…In rod-shaped model bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis , FtsZ is believed to organize into short bundles of filaments, roughly 100 nm in length 11 , 12 , that treadmill at the septum with a circumferential velocity in the order of 20–30 nm s −1 13 – 15 . The treadmilling filaments guide and regulate septal peptidoglycan (PG-) production and ingrowth, leading to septation 16 . This mode of action may be limited to rod-shaped bacteria that have two separate PG-machineries, as opposed to cocci, which have only one PG-machinery that is capable of finalizing division in cells with inhibited FtsZ dynamics 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell shape-independent FtsZ dynamics in synthetically remodeled bacterial cells

et al. 2018

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FtsZ is the main regulator of bacterial cell division. It has been implicated in acting as a scaffolding protein for other division proteins, a force generator during constriction, and more recently, as an active regulator of septal cell wall production. FtsZ assembles into a heterogeneous structure coined the Z-ring due to its resemblance to a ring confined by the midcell geometry. Here, to establish a framework for examining geometrical influences on proper Z-ring assembly and dynamics, we sculpted Escherichia coli cells into unnatural shapes using division- and cell wall-specific inhibitors in a micro-fabrication scheme. This approach allowed us to examine FtsZ behavior in engineered Z-squares and Z-hearts. We use stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy to show that FtsZ clusters in sculpted cells maintain the same dimensions as their wild-type counterparts. Based on our results, we propose that the underlying membrane geometry is not a deciding factor for FtsZ cluster maintenance and dynamics in vivo.

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Bacterial Division: FtsZ Treadmills to Build a Beautiful Wall

Abstract: The tubulin-like FtsZ protein polymerizes into a contractile ring structure required for cytokinesis in most bacteria. Two new studies report that FtsZ polymers move around the ring by treadmilling, which guides and regulates the inward growth of the septal wall.

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

Effect of ring topology in a stochastic model for Z-ring dynamics in bacteria

Cell shape-independent FtsZ dynamics in synthetically remodeled bacterial cells

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